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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
(a) Typical Stress–Strain curve obtained for CBVs showing the characteristics determined; these parameters were proposed in [20] and subsequently used also in [3,9]. (b) The scheme of the different stages of the testing procedure (relaxation, cyclic loading and loading-unloading tests).