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. 2021 Sep 20;22(18):10142. doi: 10.3390/ijms221810142

Figure 2.

Figure 2

NPY reduces the expression of social fear by acting on Y2 receptors in the dorsolateral septum (DLS). (a) Preconditioning investigation of the non-social stimulus (empty cage) during SFC on Day 1. (b) Number of foot shocks received during SFC. (c) Investigation of the non-social (ns1–ns3) and social (cages with mice; s1–s6) stimuli during social fear extinction on Day 2. Conditioned mice were bilaterally infused with either vehicle (Veh; 0.2 µL/side), BIBO3304 trifluoroacetate (BIBO; Y1 receptor antagonist; 0.2 nmol/0.2 µL/side) or BIIE0246 (BIIE; Y2 receptor antagonist; 0.2 nmol/0.2 µL/side) into the DLS 20 min before social fear extinction on Day 2. After 10 min, mice were infused again with Veh (0.2 µL/side) or NPY (0.1 nmol/0.2 µL/side). NPY reduced the expression of social fear; this effect was blocked by BIIE but not by BIBO (treatment effect: F (3,23) = 12.195; p < 0.001; stimulus x treatment effect: F (24,184) = 2.829; p < 0.001). Data represent the means ± SEM, and numbers in parentheses indicate group sizes. p < 0.05 * Veh/NPY and BIBO/NPY vs. Veh/Veh, and Veh/NPY vs. BIIE/NPY; #Veh/NPY vs. Veh/Veh.