Effects of microbiota modification through population depletion with antibiotics on blood pressure, proteinuria, morphology, and disease activity in the imiquimod (IMQ) group. (A) Systolic blood pressure (SBP) assessed with tail-cuff plethysmography, (B) proteinuria, (C) organ hypertrophy levels, (D) circulating double-stranded DNA (anti-ds-DNA) and anti-cardiolipin autoantibodies, and interferon (IFN)α levels in control (CTR), IMQ and IMQ-groups treated with Vancomycin (VANCO) or a cocktail of antibiotics (MIX). The data is represented as means ± SEM. The evolution of tail SBP was analysed by two-way ANOVA with the Tukey’s multiple comparison test. The rest of the variables were tested with one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test (morphological variables, and plasma anti-ds-DNA), or Kruskal–Wallis with Dunn’s multiple comparison (proteinuria, anti-cardiolipin, plasma IFNα). * p < 0.05, † p < 0.01, ‡ p < 0.001 in comparison with CTR; * p < 0.05, † p < 0.01, ‡ p < 0.001 in comparison with IMQ.