Table 3.

Effect of 15 m start and turn times (from 5 m before to 10 m after wall contact) on race time across all female competitors of the European Short-Course Championships using multiple linear regression analysis.

	Regression Model				Regression Coefficients
	Entries	R Square	F Value	p-Value		Standar-Dised Beta	T Value	p-Value
Butterfly
50 m	60	0.95	F(2|57) = 522	p < 0.001	Start Turn	0.360 0.635	T = 4.95 T = 8.74	p < 0.001 p < 0.001
100 m	56	0.87	F(2|53) = 173	p < 0.001	Start Turn	−0.041 0.962	T = −0.53 T = 12.42	p = 0.597 p < 0.001
200 m	30	0.91	F(2|27) = 128	p < 0.001	Start Turn	−0.064 0.988	T = −0.86 T = 13.30	p = 0.397 p < 0.001
Backstroke
50 m	59	0.97	F(2|56) = 901	p < 0.001	Start Turn	0.550 0.446	T = 6.83 T = 5.53	p < 0.001 p < 0.001
100 m	60	0.94	F(2|57) = 416	p < 0.001	Start Turn	0.167 0.819	T = 2.45 T = 12.05	p = 0.017 p < 0.001
200 m	31	0.91	F(2|28) = 144	p < 0.001	Start Turn	−0.244 1.111	T = −3.06 T = 13.95	p = 0.005 p < 0.001
Breaststroke
50 m	68	0.66	F(2|65) = 64	p < 0.001	Start Turn	0.433 0.440	T = 4.01 T = 4.08	p < 0.001 p < 0.001
100 m	79	0.83	F(2|76) = 187	p < 0.001	Start Turn	0.171 0.775	T = 2.35 T = 10.66	p = 0.021 p < 0.001
200 m	39	0.86	F(2|36) = 110	p < 0.001	Start Turn	0.043 0.904	T = 0.59 T = 12.42	p = 0.556 p < 0.001
Freestyle
50 m	77	0.94	F(2|74) = 536	p < 0.001	Start Turn	0.391 0.616	T = 7.29 T = 11.49	p < 0.001 p < 0.001
100 m	85	0.98	F(2|82) = 1823	p < 0.001	Start Turn	0.201 0.813	T = 6.47 T = 26.21	p < 0.001 p < 0.001
200 m	56	0.97	F(2|53) = 885	p < 0.001	Start Turn	−0.004 0.988	T = -0.13 T = 29.51	p = 0.901 p < 0.001
400 m	51	0.94	F(2|48) = 374	p < 0.001	Start Turn	−0.104 1.004	T = -2.70 T = 26.17	p = 0.010 p < 0.001
800 m	37	0.97	F(2|34) = 554	p < 0.001	Start Turn	−0.090 1.011	T = -2.87 T = 32.30	p = 0.007 p < 0.001