Table 2.

Subunit vaccines against ZIKV infection.

Vaccine’s Name or Component	Immunogenicity in the Induction of Immune Responses	Animal Model	Vaccine Doses	Administration Route	Virus Challenged	Ref.
E	Induced robust antigen binding IgG titers and high levels of neutralizing antibodies in the mice, which protected against viremia after ZIKV infection	Swiss Webster, BALB/c, and C57BL/6 mice	Three doses at three-week intervals	i.m.	Puerto Rico Strain PRVABC59	[26]
	Induced high neutralizing antibody titers	Cynomolgus macaques and BALB/c mice	Three doses at three-week intervals	i.m.	Puerto Rico Strain PRVABC59	[27]
EDIII	Induced high titer of IgG and ZIKV-neutralizing antibodies and showed no evidence of ADE induction in mouse serum	C57BL/6 mice	Four doses at three-week intervals	s.c.	Puerto Rico Strain PRVABC59	[28]
E90 (Consisting of the first 450 amino acids at the N-terminal region of E protein)	Immunization of pregnant mice with E90 protected the developing brains of offspring, both in utero and in the neonatal period, from subsequent ZIKV infection and microcephaly. E90 induced robust ZIKV-specific humoral responses in adult BALB/c mice.	ICR (CD-1 immunocompetent) mice; BALB/c mice	Two doses at two-week interval	i.p.	GZ01 and FSS13025 strains	[29,30]
EDIII fragments (E296–406; E298–409; E301–404)	Induced sustained broad-spectrum neutralization antibodies and passive transfer of the E298–409-specific antibodies prevented ZIKV infection in newborns and immunocompromised adults.	BALB/c mice and A129 mice	Five doses at days 0, 21, 42, 210, and 300	i.m.	R103451 and FLR strains	[31]

Note: i.m., intramuscular injection; s.c., subcutaneous injection; i.p., intraperitoneal injection.