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. 2021 Sep 14;13(9):1824. doi: 10.3390/v13091824

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Five animals infected with the L1-L2ATGko developed cutaneous lesions in two repeat experiments. Three of five muzzle sites (Panel A) grew visible tumors, and these tumors were multifocally and strongly DNA positive by in situ hybridization (20×, ISH). No L1 staining was found by immunohistochemistry (IHC) with MPV.B9 (20×). E4 expression was intracytoplasmic and marked in these infected tissues (20×). Two of five tails also developed visible lesions (Panel B). These lesions were positive for viral DNA and E4 expression but lacked L1 expression (20×). L1 expression was strongly positive in the upper epidermis as detected by IHC using MPV.B9 and ISH from wild-type MmuPV1 infected muzzle and tail tissues (C, 20×).