Table 3.
Universal influenza vaccine candidates in preclinical and clinical trials.
| Vaccine Candidate |
Vaccine Type | Manufacturer | Clinical Phase | Participants | Mechanism of Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chimeric HA proteins [151] | Hemagglutinin based | Glaxo-SmithKline | Phase I | 66 | Ag-specific cellular response Broadly cross-reactive Abs |
| Computationally optimized broadly reactive antigens (COBRA) [152] | Computationally optimized antigens | Sanofi-Pasteur | Preclinical | - | Elicitation of a unique broad cross-reactive and cross-neutralizing Ab against HA. |
| NP, M1 and HA peptides (Multimeric-001) [153] | Recombinant proteins | BiondVax Pharmaceuticals Ltd./NIAID | Phase III | 12463 | Cellular (B- and T-cell) immune response. |