Table 3.
Adjusted 1 odds ratios of stillbirth associated with ambient air pollution exposure, Sydney, Australia 1997–2012.
| Ambient Air Pollution | Adjusted Odds Ratio for Stillbirth |
|---|---|
| PM10 (per 4 µg/m3 increase) | |
| Entire pregnancy | 0.997 (0.952–1.004) |
| First trimester | 1.001 (0.968–1.033) |
| Second trimester | 1.000 (0.968–1.033) |
| Third trimester | 1.000 (0.960–1.039) |
| PM2.5 (per 2 µg/m3 increase) | |
| Entire pregnancy | 1.017 (0.972–1.064) |
| First trimester | 1.024 (0.988–1.061) |
| Second trimester | 1.002 (0.966–1.039) |
| Third trimester | 0.990 (0.974–1.034) |
| O3 (per 1 ppb increase) | |
| Entire pregnancy | 1.002 (0.887–1.133) |
| First trimester | 0.987 (0.904–1.078) |
| Second trimester | 1.074 (0.980–1.176) |
| Third trimester | 0.902 (0.800–1.016) |
1 Adjusted for infant’s gender, Indigenous status, gestational diabetes, maternal diabetes, maternal hypertension, smoking during pregnancy, whether first pregnancy, antenatal care after 12 weeks of pregnancy, maternal age, and area level socioeconomic status.