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. 2021 Sep 26;11(9):e517. doi: 10.1002/ctm2.517

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Metabolic profiling revealed a notable GSH high‐consumption state in lung cancer BM. (A) The PLS‐DA score scatter plot with UV scaling. The model parameters: R2X = 0.79, R2Y = 0.967 and Q2 = 0.952. (B) The validation plot of permutation test with 199 cycles. The R2Y and Q2 intercept values were 0.14 and –0.394, respectively. (C) Heat map of focused differential annotated metabolites in lung cancer BM. (D) Box plot of cellular cysteine levels in brain metastatic subpopulations and PC9 (****P < 0.0001). (E‐F) The levels (E) and concentrations (F) of glutathione (GSH) were assayed. The concentrations of GSH were evaluated by the ratio of GSH to the reduced plus oxidized glutathione (GSH+GSSG) levels (n = 3, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs PC9 group). (G) Results of GC‐MS showing the serum cystine levels in clinical groups. Each dot corresponds to one subject (PLC, primary lung cancer, n = 40; LCBM, lung cancer brain metastasis n = 108, ***P < 0.001)