TABLE 4.

Agents with known mechanism of action and their effects on LSEC fenestrations.

Inhibitor	Target	Effect	References
C3 transferase	RhoA	FN ↑, D ↑	Yokomori et al., 2004
Simvastatin	CD47	FN ↑, D ↑	Hunt et al., 2019
Y27635	ROCK	FN ↑	Venkatraman and Tucker-Kellogg, 2013
W7	Calmodulin	D ↑	Oda et al., 1993
7 keto cholesterol	Lipid rafts	FN ↑, D ↑	Svistounov et al., 2012
Amlodipine	Ca channel	FN ↑	Hunt et al., 2019
Promotor/activator	Target	Effect	References
LPA	RhoA	D↓	Yokomori et al., 2004
Sildenafil Amlodipine TRAIL	cGMP	FN↑	Hunt et al., 2019
Phorbol myristate	PKC	FN↓	de Zanger et al., 1997
Thrombospondin	CD47	Defenestration	Venkatraman and Tucker-Kellogg, 2013
Simvastatin	NO	FN ↑, D ↓	Venkatraman and Tucker-Kellogg, 2013; Hunt et al., 2019
Serotonin	Ca channel	D↓	Gatmaitan and Arias, 1993; Braet et al., 1995a

FN, fenestration number; D, fenestration diameter; ↑/↓, increase/decrease.