Table 2.
Comparison of cortical thickness between patients with BD I and BD II and HCs
| Cortical regions | BD I (N=30) |
BD II (N=44) |
HC (N=100) |
All groups |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean±SD | Mean±SD | Mean±SD | F | p | ||
| Left hemisphere | ||||||
| L Frontomarginal gyrus | 2.264±0.028 | 2.265±0.023 | 2.403±0.015 | 16.903 | 2.07×10-7 | |
| L Inferior occipital gyrus | 2.325±0.036 | 2.407±0.030 | 2.529±0.020 | 14.553 | 1.49×10-6 | |
| L Subcentral gyrus | 2.606±0.035 | 2.620±0.029 | 2.764±0.019 | 12.947 | 5.92×10-6 | |
| L Transverse frontopolar gyrus | 2.543±0.038 | 2.612±0.032 | 2.705±0.021 | 7.824 | 5.65×10-4 | |
| L Anterior cingulate gyrus | 2.687±0.024 | 2.657±0.020 | 2.851±0.013 | 39.210 | 1.09×10-14 | |
| L Anterior mid-cingulate gyrus | 2.602±0.031 | 2.576±0.026 | 2.744±0.017 | 18.195 | 7.10×10-8 | |
| L Dorsal posterior cingulate gyrus | 2.611±0.052 | 2.562±0.043 | 2.911±0.028 | 28.064 | 3.11×10-11 | |
| L Ventral posterior cingulate gyrus | 2.235±0.069 | 2.157±0.058 | 2.554±0.038 | 19.600 | 2.26×10-8 | |
| L Cuneus | 1.947±0.059 | 1.984±0.049 | 1.763±0.033 | 8.344 | 3.52×10-4 | |
| L Pars opercularis | 2.675±0.033 | 2.754±0.028 | 2.845±0.018 | 11.296 | 2.51×10-5 | |
| L Pars orbitalis | 2.673±0.043 | 2.661±0.036 | 2.820±0.023 | 8.977 | 1.98×10-4 | |
| L Pars triangularis | 2.563±0.030 | 2.624±0.025 | 2.714±0.017 | 11.151 | 2.85×10-5 | |
| L Short insular gyrus | 3.189±0.073 | 3.277±0.060 | 3.533±0.040 | 11.650 | 1.84×10-5 | |
| L Middle occipital gyrus | 2.372±0.040 | 2.406±0.033 | 2.593±0.022 | 18.026 | 8.16×10-8 | |
| L Lateral occipito-temporal gyrus | 2.427±0.069 | 2.489±0.058 | 2.813±0.038 | 17.980 | 8.48×10-8 | |
| L Lingual gyrus | 2.155±0.061 | 2.138±0.051 | 1.905±0.034 | 10.559 | 4.81×10-5 | |
| L Parahippocampal gyrus | 2.787±0.048 | 2.824±0.040 | 3.006±0.026 | 11.776 | 1.64×10-5 | |
| L Angular gyrus | 2.630±0.027 | 2.626±0.023 | 2.736±0.015 | 10.876 | 3.63×10-5 | |
| L Supramarginal gyrus | 2.594±0.036 | 2.600±0.030 | 2.804±0.020 | 23.257 | 1.23×10-9 | |
| L Superior parietal lobule | 2.255±0.033 | 2.293±0.028 | 2.430±0.018 | 14.924 | 1.09×10-6 | |
| L Precentral gyrus | 2.680±0.040 | 2.693±0.033 | 2.880±0.022 | 16.250 | 3.56×10-7 | |
| L Subcallosal gyrus | 2.206±0.070 | 2.261±0.059 | 2.493±0.039 | 9.247 | 1.55×10-4 | |
| L Anterior transverse temporal gyrus | 2.362±0.050 | 2.460±0.042 | 2.255±0.027 | 8.560 | 2.89×10-4 | |
| L Planum polare | 3.036±0.064 | 3.104±0.053 | 3.437±0.035 | 22.392 | 2.43×10-9 | |
| L Middle temporal gyrus | 2.731±0.056 | 2.758±0.046 | 3.074±0.030 | 24.043 | 6.66×10-10 | |
| Right hemisphere | ||||||
| R Frontomarginal gyrus | 2.284±0.034 | 2.296±0.028 | 2.421±0.018 | 10.278 | 6.17×10-5 | |
| R Inferior occipital gyrus | 2.505±0.046 | 2.485±0.038 | 2.695±0.025 | 13.434 | 3.89×10-6 | |
| R Subcentral gyrus | 2.590±0.036 | 2.574±0.030 | 2.785±0.019 | 22.776 | 1.79×10-9 | |
| R Transverse frontopolar gyrus | 2.477±0.033 | 2.507±0.027 | 2.675±0.018 | 21.157 | 6.46×10-9 | |
| R Anterior cingulate gyrus | 2.682±0.027 | 2.627±0.023 | 2.825±0.015 | 29.606 | 9.88×10-12 | |
| R Anterior mid-cingulate gyrus | 2.671±0.026 | 2.626±0.022 | 2.830±0.014 | 35.687 | 1.25×10-13 | |
| R Dorsal posterior cingulate gyrus | 2.770±0.039 | 2.739±0.032 | 2.952±0.021 | 18.680 | 4.77×10-8 | |
| R Ventral posterior cingulate gyrus | 2.348±0.073 | 2.366±0.061 | 2.653±0.040 | 11.337 | 2.42×10-5 | |
| R Cuneus | 1.945±0.061 | 2.028±0.051 | 1.792±0.033 | 8.203 | 4.00×10-4 | |
| R Pars opercularis | 2.661±0.030 | 2.735±0.025 | 2.881±0.017 | 25.036 | 3.09×10-10 | |
| R Pars orbitalis | 2.667±0.041 | 2.747±0.034 | 2.844±0.023 | 7.898 | 5.28×10-4 | |
| R Pars triangularis | 2.540±0.029 | 2.656±0.024 | 2.756±0.016 | 22.921 | 1.60×10-9 | |
| R Middle frontal gyrus | 2.653±0.028 | 2.665±0.024 | 2.767±0.016 | 9.946 | 8.30×10-5 | |
| R Middle occipital gyrus | 2.467±0.039 | 2.436±0.033 | 2.626±0.022 | 14.116 | 2.17×10-6 | |
| R Lateral occipito-temporal gyrus | 2.454±0.062 | 2.517±0.051 | 2.806±0.034 | 18.349 | 6.26×10-8 | |
| R Lingual gyrus | 2.187±0.055 | 2.201±0.046 | 1.957±0.030 | 12.929 | 6.02×10-6 | |
| R Parahippocampal gyrus | 2.889±0.054 | 2.885±0.045 | 3.073±0.030 | 8.241 | 3.86×10-4 | |
| R Orbital gyrus | 2.610±0.032 | 2.687±0.026 | 2.774±0.017 | 11.481 | 2.13×10-5 | |
| R Angular gyrus | 2.573±0.026 | 2.609±0.022 | 2.716±0.014 | 15.359 | 7.53×10-7 | |
| R Supramarginal gyrus | 2.576±0.036 | 2.602±0.030 | 2.811±0.020 | 25.634 | 1.96×10-10 | |
| R Superior parietal lobule | 2.260±0.033 | 2.284±0.028 | 2.411±0.018 | 11.888 | 1.49×10-5 | |
| R Precentral gyrus | 2.664±0.039 | 2.701±0.032 | 2.838±0.021 | 10.919 | 3.49×10-5 | |
| R Planum polare | 2.974±0.063 | 3.016±0.052 | 3.222±0.034 | 8.890 | 2.14×10-4 | |
| R Middle temporal gyrus | 2.759±0.051 | 2.779±0.043 | 3.059±0.028 | 21.714 | 4.15×10-9 | |
The general linear model (GLM) was adjusted for age, sex, educational level, and intracranial volume as covariates. Regions that remained significant after Bonferroni correction are listed: 76 regions of cortex, corrected p=(0.05/76)=6.58×10-4. BD I, bipolar disorder type I; BD II, bipolar disorder type II; HC, healthy controls; SD, standard deviation