Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of the respondents (N=591)
| Variables | Male (N=111) | Female (N=480) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 21.3±5.1 | 21.1±3.8 | 0.797 |
| How much time per day do you spend using your phone during this pandemic? | <0.001* | ||
| Never | 1 (0.9) | 2 (0.4) | |
| Less than 1 hour | 1 (0.9) | 6 (1.3) | |
| 1–2 hours | 14 (12.6) | 24 (5.0) | |
| 3 hours | 27 (24.3) | 57 (11.9) | |
| 4–5 hours | 25 (22.5) | 128 (26.7) | |
| 6–7 hours | 21 (18.9) | 93 (19.4) | |
| >7 hours | 22 (19.8) | 170 (35.4) | |
| How do you describe your average physical activity? | <0.001* | ||
| Light | 55 (49.5) | 259 (54.0) | |
| Moderate | 37 (33.3) | 211 (44.0) | |
| Vigorous | 19 (17.1) | 10 (2.1) | |
| During this month, your food mainly constituted | 0.334 | ||
| Healthy food | 37 (33.3) | 129 (26.9) | |
| Sometimes healthy food | 53 (47.7) | 263 (54.8) | |
| Unhealthy food | 21 (18.9) | 88 (18.3) | |
| Body mass index | 23.9±3.8 | 23.0±4.1 | 0.035* |
| Overweight (BMI ≥25) | 34 (30.6) | 115 (24.1) | 0.182 |
| Rating scales | |||
| Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) | 10.3±6.3 | 12.3±6.3 | 0.004* |
| Clinical depression (PHQ-9 score ≥10) | 57 (51.4) | 290 (60.4) | 0.087 |
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) | 8.1±5.8 | 10.8±5.8 | <0.001* |
| Clinical anxiety (GAD-7 score ≥10) | 40 (36.0) | 263 (54.8) | <0.001* |
| Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) | 12.6±6.9 | 14.5±6.8 | 0.007* |
| Clinical insomnia (ISI score ≥8) | 83 (74.8) | 396 (82.5) | 0.044* |
| Bedtime procrastination | 30.2±6.7 | 30.9±7.0 | 0.780 |
Data are presented as mean±standard deviation or N (%).
*
statistically significant.
SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index