Table 3.

Results of the logistic regression analysis exploring predicting variables for phone use ≥7 hours

Variables	cOR	95% CI	p-value	aOR	95% CI	p-value
Sex (female)	2.22	1.34–3.69	0.002*	2.19	1.27–3.77	0.005*
Age	0.97	0.92–1.02	0.182	0.96	0.91–1.01	0.126
Unhealthy food	1.85	1.21–2.83	0.005*	1.41	0.89–2.25	0.140
Vigorous activity	0.65	0.40–1.06	0.079	0.64	0.22–1.82	0.400
Overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2)	1.70	1.16–2.50	0.007*	1.85	1.22–2.81	0.004*
Rating scale scores
PHQ-9	1.06	1.03–1.09	<0.001*	1.004	0.96–1.06	0.872
GAD-7	1.05	1.01–1.08	0.004*	0.98	0.93–1.03	0.431
ISI	1.08	1.05–1.11	<0.001*	1.06	1.02–1.10	0.002*
Bedtime procrastination	1.07	1.04–1.10	<0.001*	1.03	1.00–1.07	0.049*

Table 3 shows the associations of phone use more than 7 hours with the outcome variables among the university students surveyed.

^*statistically significant.

cOR, crude odds ratio; aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9; GAD-7, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7; ISI, Insomnia Severity Index