Table 2.

Characteristics of signal probes-based aptamers.

Signal probes	Linear range	Detection limit	Target	References
Dendrimer formed by hybridized chain immobilized on AuNPs +aptamers	100 μU/ml–10 U/ml	50 μU/ml	CA125	Chen et al., 2019
Aptamers+carbon dots (CDs)	1.0 fg/ml–1.0 ng/ml	0.5 fg/ml	CA125	Hamd-Ghadareh et al., 2017
Aptamers+methylene blue-labeled complementary DNA strands	0.01–350 U/ml	0.0042 U/ml	CA125	Farzin et al., 2019
Aptamers/5-Fu /Ag2S quantum dots complex	0.1–106 ng/ml	0.07 ng/ml	CA125	Jin et al., 2017
AuNPs+GaN Schottky junction+aptamers	1–100 U/ml	0.3 U/ml	CA125	Hu et al., 2020
DNA silver nanoclusters+ aptamers+AuNPs	0.01–0.9 ng/ml 0.01–2 U/ml	7.5 pg/ml 0.015 U/ml	CEACA125	Xu et al., 2020
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/aptamers complex	1.0 × 10−9–1.0 U/ml	5.0 × 10−10 U/ml	CA125	Mansouri Majd and Salimi, 2018
MUC-1 aptamers	1.0 amol–1.0 pmol	120 MUC-1 molecules	MUC-1	Cao et al., 2017