Fig. 2. Transcription factors that regulate the macrophage phenotype in atherosclerosis. Transcription factors that regulate macrophage differentiation, activation, and the formation of foam cells are indicated.

PU.1, purified anti-SPI1; AP1, activator protein 1; C/EBPβ, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β; ATF3, activating transcription factor 3; MAFB, MAF BZIP transcription factor B; PPARγ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ; LXR, liver X receptor; STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription; IRF, interferon regulatory factor; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; oxLDL, oxidized low-density lipoprotein.