Table 1.
Visits and Antibiotic Prescriptions for Bronchitis and Bronchiolitis in EDs and Physician Offices, Children 0–18 Years, US NAMCS/NHAMCS, 2006–2015
| <2 Years | 2–18 Years | All Children | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Weighted Estimated Annual Average Number of Visits for Diagnosis (95% CI) for 2006–2015 | % Visits with Antibiotics Prescribed (95% CI)a | National Weighted Estimated Annual Average Number of Visits for Diagnosis (95% CI) for 2006–2015 | % Visits with Antibiotics Prescribed (95% CI)a | National Weighted Estimated Annual Average Number of Visits for Diagnosis (95% CI) for 2006–2015 | % Visits with Antibiotics Prescribed (95% CI)a | |
| Total | 1,069,200 (878,672, 1,259,728) | 40.31 (33.78, 46.84) | 1,910,261 (1,574,424, 2,246,097) | 67.72 (62.14, 73.30) | 2,979,460 (2,521,463, 3,437,458) | 57.89 (53.24, 62.53) |
| Diagnosis | ||||||
| Bronchitisb | 527,473 (399,976, 654,971) | 61.30 (53.39, 69.20) | 1,814,064 (1,478,957, 2,149,170) | 69.61 (63.88, 75.34) | 2,341,537 (1,921,836, 2,761,237) | 67.74 (62.58,72.90) |
| Bronchiolitisc | 541,727 (414,252, 669,202) | 19.87 (12.70, 27.04) | 96,197 (55,498, 136,896) | * | 637,924, (494,600, 781,247) | 21.72 (14.28, 29.16) |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 630,608 (508,735, 752,481) | 37.79 (29.55, 46.03) | 928,236 (748,795, 1,107,676) | 70.07 (63.39, 76.75) | 1,558,844 (1,314,879, 1,802,809) | 57.01 (51.57, 62.46) |
| Female | 438,592 (331,271, 545,913) | 43.93 (33.40, 54.45) | 982,025 (779,217, 1,184,832) | 65.50 (57.03, 73.98) | 1,420,617 (1,153,978, 1,687,255) | 58.84 (52.32.65.36) |
| Region | ||||||
| Northeast | 154,291 (60,715, 247,868) | 34.29 (21.54, 47.03) | 300,038 (175,631, 424,444) | 77.27 (68.25, 86.30) | 454,329 (254,681, 653,977) | 62.67 (55.02, 70.33) |
| Midwest | 178,682 (120,657, 236,707) | 40.37 (22.99, 57.75) | 331,695 (235,699, 427,690) | 72.29 (63.46, 81.12) | 510,377 (384,796, 635,957) | 61.11 (52.28, 69.95) |
| South | 431,123 (311,617, 550,630) | 41.37 (30.63, 52.10) | 850,602 (625,996, 1,075,208) | 69.08 (61.75, 76.41) | 1,281,725 (998,495, 1,564,955) | 59.76 (52.71, 66.81) |
| West | 305,103 (205,623, 404,583) | 41.83 (29.71, 53.94) | 427,926 (233,900, 621,953) | 54.80 (39.56, 70.03) | 733,030 (461,158, 1,004,901) | 49.40 (37.98, 60.82) |
| Setting | ||||||
| Emergency Department | 240,828 (202,060, 279,597) | 26.59 (19.90, 33.28) | 297,910 (256,694, 339,126) | 58.55 (52.69, 64.40) | 538,739 (474,140, 603,337) | 44.26 (39.46, 49.06) |
| Physician Office | 828,372 (639,661, 1,017,082) | 44.30 (36.32, 52.28) | 1,612,350 (1,287,754, 1,936,947) | 69.42 (62.86, 75.98) | 2,440,722 (1,995,356, 2,886,087) | 60.89 (55.36, 66.42) |
| Clinician Specialty | ||||||
| Pediatrics | 729,482 (553,575, 905,389) | 41.78 (33.39, 50.17) | 992,911 (751,858, 1,233,963) | 66.43 (57.47, 75.38) | 1,722,393 (1,367,114, 2,077,671) | 55.99 (49.16, 62.82) |
| Family Medicine | * | * | 503,943 (356,397, 651,489) | 73.00 (63.33, 82.69) | 601,950 (437,031, 766,868) | 71.45 (62.49, 80.42) |
| Emergency Department | 240,828 (202,060, 279,597) | 26.59 (19.90, 33.28) | 297,910 (256,694, 339,126) | 58.55 (52.69, 64.40) | 538,739 (474,140, 603,337) | 44.26 (39.46, 49.06) |
a.
Calculated as number of visits for diagnoses with an antibiotic prescription as the numerator and the total number of visits for diagnoses as the denominator
b.
ICD-9-CM codes 466.0 or 490.0 in the primary position with no other codes in any coding position for a diagnosis where antibiotics are or may be indicated
c.
ICD-9-CM codes 466.11 or 466.19 in the primary position with no other codes in any coding position for a diagnosis where antibiotics are or may be indicated
*
Sample size does not meet standards for reliability (<30 sampled visits)