. 2021 Jan 7;12:100199. doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100199

Table 4.

Findings of D4R expression in LYM of patients with SCZ.

Reference	Study	n	Sample	Methodology	Clinical features	Findings
Ilani et al., 2004	Healthy controls	11	PBLs	RT-PCR	ND	No differences in D4R mRNA
Ilani et al., 2004	SCZ patients	14	PBLs	RT-PCR	ND	No differences in D4R mRNA
Rodrigues et al., 2005	Healthy controls	45	PBLs	Flow-cytometry	BPRS	No differences in D4R protein levels
Rodrigues et al., 2005	SCZ patients	45	PBLs	Flow-cytometry	BPRS	Significant inverse correlation (BPRS hebephrenic dimension score vs D4R)
Boneberg et al., 2006	Healthy controls	10	Leukocyte population PBMCs	qRT-PCR	ND	Decreased D4R mRNA in T cells
Boneberg et al., 2006	SCZ patients	10	Leukocyte population PBMCs	qRT-PCR	ND	Decreased D4R mRNA in T cells
Kawano et al., 2011	Healthy controls	12	PBLs	qRT-PCR	PANSS, BACS-J, Treatment, Dose, Duration of illness	No differences in D4R mRNA
Kawano et al., 2011	SCZ patients	11	PBLs	qRT-PCR	PANSS, BACS-J, Treatment, Dose, Duration of illness	D4R mRNA positively correlated with working memory scales
Brito-Melo et al., 2012	Healthy controls SCZ patients	20 40	LYM (CD4, CD8)	Flow-cytometry	CGIS, BPRS, PANSS, AIMS, Duration of illness and hospitalization,Dose of antipsychotic	Increased percentages of CD4⁺D4R⁺ and CD8⁺D4R⁺ cells
Brito-Melo et al., 2012			LYM (CD4, CD8)	Flow-cytometry		AIMS inversely related to CD4⁺D4R⁺ cells
Ahmadian et al., 2014	Healthy controls	20	PBLs	RT-PCR	ND	D4R expressed in all groups but no differences in mRNA
	Drug-naïve SCZ patients	5
	Drug-free SCZ patients (» 3 months)	15
	Drug-medicated SCZ patients (» 3 years)	22
Fernandez-Egea et al., 2016	Healthy controls	18	LYM	qRT-PCR	BMI, Smoking, BACS, CGIS	No differences in D4R mRNA
Fernandez-Egea et al., 2016	Chronic SCZ patients	18	LYM	qRT-PCR	BMI, Smoking, BACS, CGIS	D4R mRNA positively correlated with working memory scales

Abbreviations: Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for Schizophrenia, Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS), Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGIS), Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS), Body mass index (BMI). No Data (ND).