Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients With MPM Receiving Second-Line Systemic Therapy
| Variables | Total (N = 426) | Epithelioid (n = 310) | Nonepithelioida (n = 116) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age quartile, y | |||
| 46–67 | 115 (27.0) | 81 (26.1) | 34 (29.3) |
| 68–73 | 106 (24.9) | 76 (24.5) | 30 (25.9) |
| 74–78 | 118 (27.7) | 83 (26.8) | 35 (30.2) |
| 79–84 | 87 (20.4) | 70 (22.6) | 17 (14.7) |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 113 (26.5) | 93 (30.0) | 20 (17.2) |
| Male | 313 (73.5) | 217 (70.0) | 96 (82.8) |
| Race or ethnicityb | |||
| White | 321 (75.4) | 233 (75.2) | 88 (75.9) |
| Black or African American | 19 (4.5) | 16 (5.2) | 3 (2.6) |
| Asian | 4 (0.9) | 4 (1.3) | 0 (0) |
| Hispanic or Latinx | 13 (3.1) | 11 (3.5) | 2 (1.7) |
| Other | 45 (10.6) | 30 (9.7) | 15 (12.9) |
| Missing | 24 (5.6) | 16 (5.2) | 8 (6.9) |
| Start of second-line therapyc | |||
| Before NCCN guideline revision | 270 (63.4) | 202 (65.2) | 68 (58.6) |
| After NCCN guideline revision | 156 (36.6) | 108 (34.8) | 48 (41.4) |
| Time since start of first-line therapy, mo | 8.58 (4.67–13.07) | 9.80 (6.43–14.63) | 4.67 (2.77–8.90) |
| ECOG performance statusd | |||
| 0–1 | 292 (68.5) | 222 (71.6) | 70 (60.3) |
| 2–4 | 45 (10.6) | 27 (8.7) | 18 (15.5) |
| Missing | 89 (20.9) | 61 (19.7) | 28 (24.1) |
| Treatment center volumee | |||
| Low | 229 (53.8) | 166 (53.5) | 63 (54.3) |
| High | 197 (46.2) | 144 (46.5) | 53 (45.7) |
| Type of insurance | |||
| Medicare/Medicaid | 154 (36.2) | 115 (37.1) | 39 (33.6) |
| Commercial health plan | 126 (29.6) | 83 (26.8) | 43 (37.1) |
| Other | 134 (31.5) | 105 (33.9) | 29 (25.0) |
| Missing | 12 (2.8) | 7 (2.3) | 5 (4.3) |
| MPM clinical stage | |||
| I–II | 45 (10.6) | 37 (11.9) | 8 (6.9) |
| III | 84 (19.7) | 69 (22.3) | 15 (12.9) |
| IV | 140 (32.9) | 89 (28.7) | 51 (44.0) |
| Missing | 157 (36.9) | 115 (37.1) | 42 (36.2) |
| PD-L1 statusf | |||
| <5% | 37 (8.7) | 32 (10.3) | 5 (4.3) |
| 5%–49% | 27 (6.3) | 18 (5.8) | 9 (7.8) |
| >50% | 17 (4.0) | 9 (2.9) | 8 (6.9) |
| Missing | 345 (81.0) | 251 (81.0) | 94 (81.0) |
| Prior surgical resection for MPMg | |||
| No | 378 (88.7) | 268 (86.5) | 110 (94.8) |
| Yes | 48 (11.3) | 42 (13.5) | 6 (5.2) |
| Asbestos exposure | |||
| No | 75 (17.6) | 58 (18.7) | 17 (14.7) |
| Yes | 285 (66.9) | 202 (65.2) | 83 (71.6) |
| Missing | 66 (15.5) | 50 (16.1) | 16 (13.8) |
Note: Values are given in n (%) or median (IQR).
ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; IQR, interquartile range; MPM, malignant pleural mesothelioma; NCCN, National Comprehensive Cancer Network; PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1.
Sarcomatoid (n = 48) and biphasic (n = 68) histologic subtypes.
Self-reported race or ethnicity abstracted from electronic health records.
The NCCN guideline for MPM treatment was revised to include immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy as an option for second-line therapy on July 7, 2017.
Baseline ECOG performance status; grades range from 0 to 4, with higher scores associated with increasing levels of functional disability.
High-volume centers were defined as those contributing greater than 20 patients each to the study cohort, whereas low-volume centers each contributed less than 20 patients.
Highest MPM tumor PD-L1 immunohistochemical staining percentage determined before the start of second-line systemic therapy.
Surgical resections for MPM included extrapleural pneumonectomy and pleurectomy/decortication procedures.