Table 2.

Serum cytokine concentrations in umbilical cord blood. LLOD, the number (Nb ​< ​LLOD) and proportion (% <LLOD) of serum samples in which cytokine concentrations were below LLOD, minimum (Min.), median, maximum (Max.), mean concentrations, and standard deviation (SD) are indicated for the 27 biomarkers assessed. Filled circles: variable included.

Cytokines	LLOD	Nb ​< ​LLOD	% <LLOD	Min. (pg/ml)	Median (pg/ml)	Max. (pg/ml)	Mean (pg/ml)	SD (pg/ml)	Included
CCL2	0.09	2	0.23	0.05	291.97	4945.75	330.33	249.38	●
CCL3	3.02	7	0.80	1.51	20.84	4364.65	34.26	159.91	●
CCL4	0.17	0	0.00	1.15	247.44	2382.74	265.52	132.57	●
CCL11	3.26	1	0.11	1.63	208.60	656.03	223.03	93.52	●
CCL17	0.22	1	0.11	0.11	1222.50	9638.18	1474.60	1092.40	●
CCL26	1.77	33	3.79	0.89	9.83	247.05	13.09	16.27	●
CXCL10	0.37	2	0.23	0.19	127.50	9733.82	203.61	445.22	●
GM-CSF	0.16	274	31.46	0.07	0.21	0.34	0.31	0.56
IFN-γ	0.37	3	0.34	0.10	2.23	69.91	2.77	3.26	●
IL-1α	0.09	375	43.05	0.04	0.19	51.01	0.90	3.46
IL-1β	0.05	73	8.38	0.02	0.23	99.04	1.05	5.19	●
IL-2	0.09	347	39.84	0.04	0.11	12.17	0.18	0.61
IL-4	0.02	327	37.54	0.01	0.03	8.15	0.09	0.38
IL-5	0.14	393	45.12	0.11	0.26	91.50	0.51	3.12
IL-6	0.06	0	0.00	0.16	2.66	3415.47	24.76	177.42	●
IL-7	0.12	1	0.11	0.08	8.51	34.87	9.27	3.83	●
IL-8	0.07	0	0.00	0.13	11.72	5084.48	58.73	330.18	●
IL-10	0.04	0	0.00	0.04	0.59	109.88	1.18	4.55	●
IL-12/IL-23 p40	0.33	1	0.11	0.20	615.85	1928.67	656.45	249.82	●
IL-12 p70	0.11	604	69.35	0.06	0.06	15.43	0.25	1.07
IL-13	0.24	423	48.56	0.12	0.27	50.32	0.80	2.42
IL-15	0.15	1	0.11	0.09	2.12	184.03	2.80	7.21	●
IL-16	2.83	1	0.11	1.42	294.33	10104.90	448.53	576.33	●
IL-17A	0.10	3	0.34	0.37	8.14	47.75	9.60	6.55	●
VEGF-A	1.12	178	20.44	0.56	190.84	25142863.00	153775.50	1449508.00
TNF-α	0.34	4	0.46	0.02	3.23	45.77	3.59	2.50	●
TNF-β	0.08	1	0.11	0.03	0.65	6.09	0.79	0.55	●