Table 1.

Characteristics of patients at baseline in the discovery cohort. For each categorical variable, the number (Nb.) and percentage (%) of patients with BD or MDD are indicated. For each continuous variable, mean and standard deviation (SD) are indicated. Statistical tests (∗ Chi-square; ° Mann & Whitney) for comparing BD and MDD patients and corresponding p-values after adjustment for multiple testing are indicated. Differences between groups were considered to be statistically significant when adjusted p-values were <0.05. Non-significant (n.s.) statistical differences are indicated.

Variable	BD				MDD				Statistics	Missing values
	Nb.	%	Mean	SD	Nb.	%	Mean	SD	p-value	Nb.	%
All Patients	198	42.9			264	57.1				0	0.0
Sex (Male)	77	38.9			83	31.4			n.s.	1	0.2
Age (years)			46.4	12.5			40.1	14.6	<0.0001°	30	6.5
Body Mass Index (Kg.m-2)			24.8	4.7			23.3	5.3	<0.001°	55	11.9
Tobacco smoking	91	46.0			106	40.2			<0.01∗	40	8.7
IDS-C30			25.8	15.7			34.3	13.8	<0.0001°	94	20.3
History of alcohol abuse	60	30.3			61	23.1			n.s.	5	1.1
History of substance abuse	46	23.2			47	17.8			n.s.	8	1.7
Antidepressants	88	44.4			191	72.3			<0.0001∗	0	0.0
Benzodiazepines	90	45.5			156	59.1			<0.01∗	0	0.0
Antipsychotics	93	47.0			72	27.3			<0.0001∗	0	0.0
Lithium	39	19.7			6	2.3			<0.0001∗	0	0.0
Anticonvulsants	80	40.4			30	11.4			<0.0001∗	0	0.0
Other psychotropic treatments	34	17.2			48	18.2			n.s.	0	0.0
Antiinflammatory treatments	5	2.5			5	1.9			n.s.	0	0.0