Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Study Sample by eGFR Category
| Characteristic | eGFR Category, mL/min per 1.73 m2 | P Value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≥90 | 80–89 | 70–79 | 60–69 | <60 | ||
| N=344 | N=440 | N=683 | N=793 | N=806 | ||
| Age, y | 51.1±7.4 | 53.02±7.9 | 54.7±7.9 | 58.7±8.5 | 65.3±8.5 | <0.001 |
| Women, n (%) | 156 (45) | 194 (44) | 344 (50) | 449 (57) | 546 (68) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 28.4±5.4 | 28.2±5.6 | 27.7±5.0 | 27.6±5.0 | 27.7±5.0 | 0.056 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 124±18 | 125±17 | 126±18 | 128±18 | 133±20 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 76±10 | 76±10 | 76±9 | 76±9 | 75±10 | 0.066 |
| Antihypertensive medication, n (%) | 53 (15) | 73 (17) | 130 (19) | 186 (24) | 303 (38) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 99 (29) | 127 (29) | 223 (33) | 299 (38) | 419 (52) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio | 4.9±1.9 | 4.4±1.7 | 4.3±1.5 | 4.2±1.3 | 4.2±1.4 | <0.001 |
| Current smoking, n (%) | 85 (25) | 100 (23) | 103 (15) | 88 (11) | 80 (10) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 36 (1) | 32 (7) | 45 (7) | 54 (7) | 76 (9) | 0.066 |
| Subclinical disease components | ||||||
| Coronary artery calcium, Agatston score | 25 (0, 133) | 7 (0, 113) | 17 (0, 167) | 47 (0, 236) | 71 (0, 386) | <0.001 |
| Coronary artery calcium >0, n (%) | 44 (29) | 53 (26) | 90 (31) | 125 (39) | 108 (47) | <0.001 |
| Carotid IMT, mm | 0.63±0.36 | 0.63±0.30 | 0.6±0.31 | 0.62±0.30 | 0.72±0.41 | <0.001 |
| Left ventricular hypertrophy, n (%) | 25 (9) | 38 (11) | 63 (12) | 91 (15) | 122 (21) | <0.001 |
| Left ventricular mass indexed to body surface area | 83 (73, 95) | 84 (74, 94) | 83 (73, 96) | 82 (71, 96) | 84 (74, 98) | 0.194 |
| Biomarkers | ||||||
| B‐type natriuretic peptide, pg/mL | 5.1 (4.0, 9.7) | 6.2 (4.0, 14.5) | 6.1 (4.0, 14.0) | 7.7 (4.0, 16.5) | 12 (5.1, 24.2) | <0.001 |
| Growth differentiation factor‐15, ng/L | 849 (698, 1075) | 903 (715, 1113) | 910 (749, 1139) | 1009 (833, 1264) | 1286 (996, 1647) | <0.001 |
| High‐sensitivity cardiac troponin I, pg/mL | 1.2 (0.8, 2.0) | 1.2 (0.8, 1.8) | 1.2 (0.8, 2.0) | 1.3 (0.9, 2.1) | 1.5 (0.9, 2.4) | <0.001 |
| Soluble ST2, ng/mL | 21.3 (17.0, 26.3) | 20.9 (16.3, 26.0) | 19.9 (16.1, 24.8) | 20.4 (16.2, 25.9) | 20.9 (16.9, 25.8) | 0.074 |
| eGFR, mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 100±10 | 85±3 | 75±3 | 65±3 | 51±7 | <0.001 |
Data are presented as mean±SD or median (Q1, Q3), unless otherwise noted. Carotid IMT indicates carotid intima‐media thickness; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; and ST2, suppressor of tumorigenicity 2.