Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics
| MIS‐C | Controls | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N=43 | N=40 | ||
| Age, y, mean (SD) | 10.1 (4.2) | 11.4 (3.7) | 0.125 |
| Male sex | 26 (60%) | 23 (57%) | 0.784 |
| Race | |||
| White | 14 (33%) | 25 (62%) | 0.043 |
| Black | 19 (44%) | 11 (28%) | |
| Asian | 1 (2%) | 1 (2%) | |
| Other/unknown¶ | 9 (21%) | 3 (8%) | |
| Hispanic ethnicity | 9 (21%) | 2 (5%) | 0.032 |
| Hospital outcomes | |||
| Hospital length of stay, median days [IQI] | 6 [5–10] | ||
| Intensive care unit admission, n (%) | 31 (72%) | ||
| Vasoactive‐inotropic agents during hospitalization | 22 (51%) | ||
| Epinephrine | 19 (44%) | ||
| Milrinone | 10 (23%) | ||
| Norepinephrine | 8 (19%) | ||
| Dopamine | 5 (12%) | ||
| Dobutamine | 1 (2%) | ||
| Vasopressin | 1 (2%) | ||
| Any respiratory support during hospitalization* | 30 (70%) | ||
| Need for invasive ventilation | 10 (23%) | ||
| Laboratory characteristics† | |||
| SARS‐CoV2 polymerase chain reaction(+), n (%) | 24 (57%) | ||
| Cycle threshold, mean (SD) | 37.2 (2.7) | ||
| SARS‐CoV2 IgG(+), n (%)‡ | 36 (97%) | ||
| Organ dysfunction/shock | |||
| Troponin (ng/mL), median [IQI] | 0.1 [0.0–0.7] | ||
| Maximum troponin | 0.3 [0.1–1.0] | ||
| BNP, pg/mL | 494.2 [165.9–848.0] | ||
| Maximum BNP | 767.4 [504.5–1298.6] | ||
| eGFR, mL/min per 1.73 m2 § | 110.1 [80.0–134.6] | ||
| Lactate, mmol/L | 1.7 [1.3–2.9] | ||
| Acute phase reactants | |||
| C‐reactive protein, mg/dL | 20.4 [16.6–26.1] | ||
| D‐dimer, µg/mL | 4.0 [1.7–5.4] | ||
| Ferritin, ng/mL | 675.9 [434.6–1152.8] | ||
| Hematologic abnormalities | |||
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 10.3 [9.4–11.8] | ||
| Platelet count, 103/µL | 166.0 [120.0–211.0] | ||
| Absolute lymphocyte count (per µL) | 885.0 [510.0–1380.0] | ||
| Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L | 654.0 [495.0–850.0] | ||
| Schistocytes present‖ | 18 (41%) | ||
BNP indicates brain‐type natriuretic peptide; eGFR, Estimated glomerular filtration rate; IQI, interquartile interval; and MIS‐C, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.
Any supplemental oxygen requirement, including nasal cannula, noninvasive or invasive ventilation.
Laboratory values shown are those drawn closest to the echocardiogram, unless otherwise specified as the maximum value during admission.
Of n=37 assessed.
Of n=41 assessed, of whom 14 (34%) had mild‐moderate renal dysfunction (eGFR <90 mL/min per 1.73 m2).
Of n=34 assessed.
Race was self‐reported upon registration. The majority of patients who listed "Other" as their race were of Hispanic ethnicity (8/8 of the MIS‐C cases reporting "Other" race, 1/1 of the MIS‐C cases in which race was not reported, and 2/3 of the controls reporting "Other" race).