Table 1.

Descriptive and reliability analysis findings

Variables	N	$\overline{X}$	sd	Skewness	Kurtosis	AVE	α	CR
Traditional Educational Philosophy	298	2.42	0.04	-1.28	-0.42	0.57	0.79	0.90
Contemprary Educational Philosophy	298	4.58	0.02	0.38	-0.05	0.51	0.88	0.80
Resistance to Change	298	1.84	0.04	-1.13	-0.23	0.60	0.84	0.93
Cognitive Resistance	298	1.81	0.04	-0.87	-0.50	0.50	0.74	0.75
Affective Resistance	298	2.17	0.05	0.17	-0.13	0.59	0.84	0.85
Behavioural Resistance	298	2.31	0.06	0.64	-0.54	0.62	0.88	0.88
Digital Literacy	298	3.64	0.05	-0.37	-0.41	0.57	0.92	0.92