Analysis of viral DNA replication intermediates of liver-specific β-catenin-null HBV transgenic mice. (A) DNA filter hybridization analysis on total liver DNA from control (Cre−) and constitutive liver-specific β-catenin-null HBV transgenic mice (Cre+). The HBV transgene was used as an internal control for the quantitation of the HBV replication intermediates. Abbreviations: Tg, transgene; RC, relaxed circular replication intermediates; SS, single-stranded replication intermediates. Noncontiguous lanes from a single analysis are presented. (B) Quantitation of viral DNA replication intermediates from the DNA filter hybridization analysis. Means and standard deviations are presented (male Cre−, n = 23; male Cre+, n = 28; female Cre−, n = 14; female Cre+, n = 13). Statistically significant differences between HBV transgenic mice by Wilcoxon rank sum test are indicated; *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ns, not significant.