Table 3.

Costs and health gains of vaccination with one dose of MCV4. Estimates are displayed per birth cohort. Current practice refers to today’s practice of vaccinating 18-year-olds outside a NIP setting (48% uptake, retail vaccine price) and is therefore the base case strategy in the model. Universal 15 and Universal 18 refers to vaccination in a NIP setting (90% uptake, 50% rebate on vaccine price) of 15-year-olds and 18-year-olds, respectively. Estimates for the Universal 15 or Universal 18 strategies are the results of comparing these strategies individually with the base case strategy Current practice.

	Current practice 48% vaccination	Universal 15 90% vaccination	Universal 18 90% vaccination	Costs and gains – Universal 15 vs Current practice	Costs and gains – Universal 18 vs Current practice
Hospitalizations (IMD-related)	7.41	4.26	4.26	3.15	3.15
Sequelae (IMD-related*)	0.47	0.27	0.33	0.20	0.14
Deaths (any cause)	124.1	123.6	123.7	0.47	0.38
QALYs (discounted)	1,456,575	1,456,585	1,456,583	9.67	8.32
Costs** (€) (discounted)	1,600,000	1,570,000	1,580,000	− 30,000	− 20,000

NIP – national immunization program; IMD – invasive meningococcal disease; QALYs – quality-adjusted life-years; MCV4 – meningococcal ACWY conjugate vaccine

* In the model, IMD-related deaths are added to deaths from other causes, while for hospitalizations we only count IMD-related.

** Rounded to nearest 10,000