Table 3.

Descriptive Statistics for Maternal Parenting Behaviors and Child Behaviors (N = 3,279)

	Full sample
Variable	n (%) or M (SD)
Child behaviors
Child social competence at age 3 years (range: 0–2.00)	1.71 (0.29)
Child social competence at age 5 years (range: 0–2.00)	1.69 (0.28)
Child aggression at age 3 years (range: 0–1.95)	0.62 (0.36)
Child aggression at age 5 years (range: 0–1.80)	0.54 (0.32)
Maternal parenting behaviors
Maternal warmth at age 3 years (range: 0–1)	.85 (.23)
Maternal warmth at age 5 years (range: 0–1)	.77 (.26)
Maternal spanking in the last month at age 3 years
Not spanked in last month	1518 (46.3%)
Once or twice in last month	895 (27.3%)
A few times to nearly every day in the past month	854 (26.0%)
Maternal spanking in the last month at age 5 years
Not spanked in last month	1581 (48.2%)
Once or twice in last month	936 (28.5%)
A few times to nearly every day in the past month	539 (16.4%)