Table 3.

Length of hospital and ICU stay, and complications of severe COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU considering the presence of positive results of auto-Abs IFN-α2 or auto-Abs IFN-ω obtained by ELISA and Luciferase activity techniques

Variable	All results for auto-Abs to type I IFNs (n = 275)	Neutralizing positive results for some or both auto-Abs to type I IFNs (n = 26)	Neutralizing negative results for both auto-Abs to type I IFNs (n = 249)	p-value	OR (95% CI)
Length of hospital and ICU stay
Number of admitted days to the ICU; median (IQR)	15 (7–31)	13.5 (4–24)	15 (7–31)	0.500	n.a
Number of admitted days to the hospital; median (IQR)	29 (15–49)	30.5 (14–46)	29 (16–50)	0.819	n.a
Complications during ICU stay
Patients with neurological complications; n (%)	77 (28.0)	5 (19.2)	72 (28.9)	0.295	0.585 (0.213–1.612)
Patients with thrombotic complications; n (%)	50 (18.2)	5 (19.2)	45 (18.1)	0.795	1.079 (0.389–3.015)
Patients with hemorrhagical complications; n (%)	27 (9.8)	4 (15.4)	23 (9.2)	0.301	1.787 (0.567–5.634)
Patients with cardiovascular complications; n (%)	56 (20.4)	5 (19.2)	51 (20.5)	0.880	0.924 (0.332–2.570)
Patients with acute kidney injury; n (%)	117 (42.5)	17 (65.4)	100 (40.2)	0.013	2.814 (1.207–6.563)
Patients with superinfection; n (%)	207 (75.3)	19 (73.1)	188 (75.5)	0.785	0.881 (0.353–2.195)
Patients with sepsis; n (%)	134 (48.7)	11 (42.3)	123 (49.4)	0.491	0.751 (0.332–1.700)
Patients with septic shock; n (%)	70 (25.5)	4 (15.4)	66 (26.5)	0.215	0.504 (0.167–1.517)
Patients with multiple organ failure; n (%)	56 (20.4)	5 (19.2)	51 (20.5)	0.880	0.924 (0.332–2.570)
Final status
Exitus; n (%)	143 (52.0)	12 (46.2)	131 (52.6)	0.531	0.772 (0.343–1.736)

OR, odds-ratio; CI, confidence interval; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartilic range; n.a., not applicable

Numbers in bold indicate a p-value < 0.05