Table 2.

Comparison of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and nitrate-mediated dilation (NMD) in gout subjects versus non-gout controls: stratification by demographic and comorbid risk factors

	FMD			NMD
Stratification	Gout	Non-gout controls	p value	Gout	Non-gout controls	p value
None (all subjects) (34,64)	2.20 ± 0.53	3.56 ± 0.31	0.02	16.69 ± 1.54	24.51 ± 0.90	< 0.0001
Whites only (15,59)	2.26 ± 0.81	3.67 ± 0.33	0.09	19.48 ± 2.45	24.57 ± 0.96	0.04
Non-smokers only (24,64)	2.33 ± 0.87	3.56 ± 0.31	0.06	15.99 ± 1.62	24.51 ± 0.90	< 0.0001
No CAD only (27,64)	2.07 ± 0.51	3.56 ± 0.31	0.01	15.56 ± 1.89	24.51 ± 0.90	< 0.001
No CKD only (8,64)	2.28 ± 1.15	3.56 ± 0.31	0.20	18.31 ± 2.76	24.51 ± 0.90	< 0.0001
No HTN only (10,45)	1.72 ± 0.90	3.79 ± 0.36	0.03	20.98 ± 3.41	24.95 ± 0.89	0.14
No HL only (17,44)	1.20 ± 0.63	3.70 ± 0.37	0.001	17.41 ± 2.28	24.60 ± 1.07	0.003

Numbers in parentheses after each stratification category correspond to numbers of patients in the gout and control groups, respectively

CAD coronary artery disease, CKD chronic kidney disease, HTN hypertension, HL hyperlipidemia