Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study subjects
| Characteristic | Nondiabetic control | Type 2 DM |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DPP-4 inhibitor | Sulfonylurea | p-value | ||
| No. of patients | 7 | 34 | 23 | |
| Age (yr) | 42.3 ± 11.5 | 53.2 ± 11.6 | 53.7 ± 11.9 | 0.88 |
| Male sex | 4 (57.1) | 24 (70.6) | 12 (52.2) | 0.26 |
| Height (cm) | 167.3 ± 7.8 | 166.5 ± 7.2 | 162.5 ± 10.6 | 0.13 |
| Weight (kg) | 60.0 ± 5.8 | 72.9 ± 10.3 | 69.7 ± 16.2 | 0.42 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.5 ± 1.7 | 26.3 ± 2.8 | 25.8 ± 3.9 | 0.61 |
| ACEi/ARB use | 0 (0) | 14 (41.2) | 11 (47.8) | 0.89 |
| WBC (×103/μL) | 5.57 ± 1.18 | 7.64 ± 2.15 | 7.37 ± 2.75 | 0.69 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.8 ± 2.0 | 14.8 ± 1.8 | 14.3 ± 1.6 | 0.30 |
| Total protein (g/dL) | 7.25 ± 0.30 | 7.45 ± 0.42 | 7.44 ± 0.36 | 0.88 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 4.65 ± 0.33 | 4.70 ± 0.23 | 4.68 ± 0.22 | 0.72 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 97.3 ± 6.4 | 140.3 ± 38.1 | 137.9 ± 50.5 | 0.84 |
| AST (IU/L) | 18.0 (15.5–20.5) | 22.0 (18.0–33.5) | 23.0 (20.5–26.8) | 0.57 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 16.0 (10.5–19.0) | 29.5 (20.2–48.5) | 29.5 (18.2–38.8) | 0.81 |
| Urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 11.8 ± 2.4 | 14.4 ± 5.0 | 13.0 ± 4.3 | 0.30 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.82 ± 0.11 | 0.84 ± 0.18 | 0.77 ± 0.19 | 0.16 |
| HbA1c (%) | NA | 6.76 ± 0.94 | 7.21 ± 1.34 | 0.16 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 104.7 ± 15.1 | 95.1 ± 15.3 | 97.9 ± 16.7 | 0.52 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 185.6 ± 31.8 | 149.4 ± 36.2 | 165.7 ± 49.0 | 0.17 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 61.1 ± 11.3 | 50.4 ± 11.1 | 47.3 ± 15.1 | 0.43 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 120.1 ± 28.0 | 89.2 ± 29.3 | 99.5 ± 39.4 | 0.28 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 75.0 (73.0–85.0) | 135.0 (83.0–228.0) | 141.0 (96.0–251.0) | 0.64 |
| UACR (mg/gCr) | NA | 6.66 (3.83–19.57) | 6.51 (4.29–14.86) | 0.91 |
Data are presented as number only, mean ± standard deviation, count (%), or median (interquartile range), as appropriate.
Patients with type 2 DM were categorized according to their antidiabetic medication.
ACEi, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; DPP-4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, high-density lipoprotein; NA, not available; UACR, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio; WBC, white blood cell.