TABLE 4.
Results of single SNP MR analyses and the overall causal effect of leptin levels (EWAS) (Yaghootkar et al., 2020) on the risk for anorexia nervosa (AN) (Watson et al., 2019) calculated using different MR methods. The beta estimates the change in risk for AN (OR is transformed to beta) per change of 1 SD in leptin level [ng/ml (rank based inverse normal transformation)].
| SNP and nearest gene | Effect of leptin levels on risk for AN (SNP n = 7) | Effect of leptin levels on risk for AN (the SNP rs1121980 was excluded) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | se | p | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | b | Se | p | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | ||
| rs1260326 | GCKR | −0.697 | 0.431 | 0.106 | −0.697 | 0.431 | 0.106 | ||||
| rs13389219 | COBLL1 | 0.078 | 0.296 | 0.791 | 0.078 | 0.296 | 0.791 | ||||
| rs62621812 | ZNF800 | 0.085 | 0.444 | 0.849 | 0.085 | 0.444 | 0.849 | ||||
| rs791600 | LEP | −0.905 | 0.316 | 0.004 | −0.905 | 0.316 | 0.004 | ||||
| rs900399 | CCNL1 | −0.643 | 0.412 | 0.119 | −0.643 | 0.412 | 0.119 | ||||
| rs972283 | KLF14 | 0.222 | 0.329 | 0.500 | 0.222 | 0.329 | 0.500 | ||||
| rs1121980 | FTO | 0.289 | 0.245 | 0.239 | |||||||
| MR Egger | 0.986 | 0.713 | 0.225 | −0.412 | 2.385 | 0.607 | 0.866 | 0.522 | −1.090 | 2.305 | |
| Inverse variance weighted | −0.132 | 0.192 | 0.491 | −0.508 | 0.244 | −0.281 | 0.207 | 0.175 | −0.687 | 0.125 | |
| Simple median | 0.078 | 0.223 | 0.726 | −0.359 | 0.515 | −0.282 | 0.208 | 0.175 | −0.690 | 0.126 | |
| Weighted median | 0.083 | 0.178 | 0.641 | −0.265 | 0.431 | −0.098 | 0.218 | 0.652 | −0.526 | 0.329 | |
| Penalised weighted median | 0.115 | 0.177 | 0.517 | −0.232 | 0.461 | 0.078 | 0.215 | 0.715 | −0.343 | 0.500 | |
| Simple mode | 0.166 | 0.268 | 0.560 | −0.360 | 0.692 | 0.099 | 0.444 | 0.833 | −0.772 | 0.969 | |
| Weighted mode | 0.193 | 0.187 | 0.342 | −0.174 | 0.560 | 0.116 | 0.292 | 0.707 | −0.456 | 0.688 | |
| MR RAPS | −0.099 | 0.201 | 0.623 | −0.493 | 0.295 | −0.250 | 0.221 | 0.258 | −0.682 | 0.183 | |
| MR PRESSO no outlier Eggers intercept = −0.051, SE = 0.031, p = 0.167 Heterogeneity test based on MR Egger Q (df = 5) = 9.241, p = 0.100; IVW: Q (df = 6) = 14.058, p = 0.029 |
MR PRESSO no outlier Eggers intercept = 0.038, SE = 0.036, p = 0.351 Heterogeneity test based on MR Egger Q (df = 4) = 7.879, p = 0.096, based on IVW Q (df = 5) = 10.074, p = 0.073 |
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b: effect size; se: standard error; p: p-value; CI: confidence interval b: effect size; se: standard error; p: p-value; CI: confidence interval. Bolded values: p < 0.05.