TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with low versus high gradient severe aortic stenosis in the setting of normal left ventricular ejection fraction
| Low gradient normal ejection fraction severe aortic stenosis (n = 73) | High gradient normal ejection fraction severe aortic stenosis (n = 229) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 84 [79–89] | 84 [80–88] | 0.75 |
| Male sex | 32 (43.8%) | 112 (48.9%) | 0.50 |
| Race | 0.34 | ||
| White | 70 (95.9%) | 203 (89.0%) | |
| Black | 1 (1.4%) | 10 (4.4%) | |
| Asian | 0 | 3 (1.3%) | |
| Other | 2 (2.7%) | 12 (5.3%) | |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Hispanic | 2 (2.7%) | 15 (6.6%) | 0.38 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 25.5 [23.3–28.7] | 26.6 [23.6–30.8] | 0.10 |
| History of tobacco use | 36 (50.7%) | 112 (50.0%) | 0.99 |
| Hypertension | 56 (76.7%) | 179 (78.2%) | 0.87 |
| Dyslipidemia | 53 (72.6%) | 174 (76.3%) | 0.53 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 25 (34.2%) | 70 (30.6%) | 0.57 |
| Prior myocardial infarction | 9 (12.5%) | 17 (7.5%) | 0.23 |
| Prior cardiac surgery | 20 (27.4%) | 58 (25.4%) | 0.76 |
| Prior surgical aortic valve replacement | 3 (4.2%) | 14 (6.2%) | 0.77 |
| Congestive heart failure | 63 (86.3%) | 197 (86.4%) | 0.99 |
| Chronic lung disease | 18 (24.7%) | 57 (25.1%) | 0.99 |
| Atrial arrhythmia | 30 (41.1%) | 65 (28.5%) | 0.06 |
| Prior permanent pacemaker placement | 12 (16.4%) | 26 (11.5%) | 0.31 |
| Prior stroke or transient ischemic attack | 16 (21.9%) | 26 (11.4%) | 0.03 |
| Chronic renal insufficiency | 37 (52.9%) | 108 (48.6%) | 0.59 |
| Number of native coronary arteries diseased | 0.55 | ||
| 0 | 36 (52.2%) | 128 (60.4%) | |
| 1 | 18 (26.1%) | 39 (18.4%) | |
| 2 | 6 (8.7%) | 18 (8.5%) | |
| 3 | 9 (13.0%) | 27 (12.7%) | |
| Society of Thoracic Surgery predicted 30-day mortality risk, % | 6.2 [3.8–8.1] | 5.7 [4.1–7.4] | 0.43 |
Continuous data shown as median [interquartile range] and compared using Mann-Whitney test. Categorical data shown as frequency (proportion) and compared using tests of proportions