| Study characteristics |
| Methods |
Study design: RCT
Setting: Sweden, general population
Exercise groups: 2
Comparison groups: 0 |
| Participants |
Number of participants: 74 (E1 = 41, E2 = 33)
Chronic LBP duration: Not specified (not specified)
Neurological/radicular symptoms: No participants
Mean age (years): 57
Sex (female): 100% |
| Interventions |
Exercise Group 1 (E1): Dynamic strengthening back exercises: 3 months at gym, 9 months at home; type = core strengthening; duration = 26 weeks; dose = high; design = standardised; delivery = individual; additional intervention = none
Exercise Group 2 (E2): Home exercises; type = strengthening; duration = 26 weeks; dose = high; design = standardised; delivery = independent; additional intervention = none |
| Outcomes |
Core outcomes reported: Function (Million Index); work (sick leave days in previous 12 months)
Follow‐up time periods available for syntheses: 12 weeks (short) |
| Notes |
Conflicts of interest: Device status category: 1
Funding source: AMF trygghetsforsakring, Stockholm, Sweden
Other: Sufficient data not available for inclusion in meta‐analyses |
| Risk of bias |
| Bias |
Authors' judgement |
Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) |
Low risk |
Support for judgement is not available |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) |
Low risk |
Support for judgement is not available |
| Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias)
All outcomes |
High risk |
Support for judgement is not available |
| Blinding of care provider (performance bias) |
High risk |
Support for judgement is not available |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias)
All outcomes |
High risk |
Support for judgement is not available |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)
All outcomes |
Low risk |
Support for judgement is not available |
| Participants analysed in group allocated (attrition bias) |
Low risk |
Support for judgement is not available |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) |
Unclear risk |
Support for judgement is not available |
| Groups similar at baseline (selection bias) |
Low risk |
Support for judgement is not available |
| Co‐interventions avoided or similar (performance bias) |
High risk |
Support for judgement is not available |
| Compliance acceptable in all groups (performance bias) |
High risk |
Support for judgement is not available |
| Timing of outcome assessment similar in all groups (detection bias) |
Low risk |
Support for judgement is not available |
