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. 2021 Sep 27;40:302. doi: 10.1186/s13046-021-02087-2

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 4 — Chemotherapy-exposed MSC and nerve infiltration in tumor xenografts. (A) Two different polyclonal antibodies identifying nerve tissue (against S100 protein and PGP9.5 protein) stained nerve structures cross-section area in the tumor (indicated by arrows) and in the adjacent adipose tissue up to 2 mm from the tumor surface. (B) Nerve infiltration was expressed as percentage of the tumor section area in each experimental group. Increased nerve infiltration of tumors was observed in co-cultures with DOX-/PAC-MSC. (C) DOX-MSC co-injection also increased nerve diameter of detected tumors. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test was used. Statistically significant results are highlighted with asterisks at p < 0.05 (*), p < 0.01 (**)