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. 2021 Sep 13;12:733420. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.733420

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

Long-term administration of NMD reduces gliosis in the dorsal horn of the lumbar spinal cord. (A–B) Representative images of GFAP immunostaining in the dorsal horn of the lumbar spinal cord in control and NMD-treated rats. The boxed region in each image is magnified in the corresponding panel a, b. NMD treatment attenuated the increases in the area intensity and hypertrophy (insets) compared with controls. (C) The GFAP intensity and the percentage of GFAP + area were significantly smaller in the NMD-treated rats than in the controls (n = 6 rats in each group). Unpaired t-test, GFAP intensity, t (10) = 4.346, p = 0.0015; percentage of GFAP + area, t (10) = 4.147, p = 0.002. Arbitrary unit, a.u. (D–E) Representative images of Iba1 immunostaining in the dorsal horn of the lumbar spinal cord in control and NMD-treated rats. The boxed region in each image is magnified in the corresponding panel d, e. NMD treatment attenuated the increased area intensity and hypertrophy (insets) compared with controls. (F) The Iba1 intensity was significantly reduced in the NMD-treated rats compared with that in the controls (n = 6 rats in each group). Unpaired t-test, t (10) = 2.612, p = 0.0259. No significant difference in the Iba1+ cell numbers was observed between groups.