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. 2021 Sep 28;17(12):827–839. doi: 10.1038/s41581-021-00483-7

Fig. 4. Examples of loci under selection that can influence phenotypes in which kidney disease is a feature or complication.

Fig. 4

For example, HBB is a locus under selection owing to falciparum malaria, but is also the locus for sickle cell anaemia, which can be characterized by kidney disease (sickle cell nephropathy).