Fig. 2.

Local immune response model. A. Schematic of select model objects and processes in the spatial domain associated with infection, local immune response and local immune cell locomotion. Macrophages $M$ chemotax towards extracellular virus $V$ released by infected cells $I$, and release chemokines $C$. NK and CD8⁺ T cells $K$ and $E$ chemotax towards chemokines, and haptotax towards and kill infected cells through contact-mediated cytotoxic killing. B. Detailed view of local immune cells over six hours of simulation. Two CD8⁺ T cells (annotated “1″ and “2”) migrate towards a common target, perform cytotoxic killing of underlying infected cells (not shown) and then migrate towards different targets. A macrophage is recruited to the local domain at hour 5 (annotated “3”). Aggregates of immune cells in the bottom left and top right of the detailed view respond to dense distributions of infected cells. Macrophages, NK cells and CD8⁺ T cells shown as maroon, cyan and green, respectively.