Table 1.
Patient demographic and clinical characteristics
| Prevalent insomnia cohorta (n = 18,919) |
Incident insomnia cohortb (n = 5939) |
|
|---|---|---|
| Age at suvorexant initiation, mean (SD), years | 64.5 (14.1) | 62.8 (15.5) |
| Age category, years, n (%) | ||
| 18–44 | 1927 (10.2) | 873 (14.7) |
| 45–54 | 2483 (13.1) | 796 (13.4) |
| 55–64 | 3539 (18.7) | 935 (15.7) |
| 65–74 | 6264 (33.1) | 1924 (32.4) |
| ≥ 75 | 4698 (24.8) | 1411 (23.8) |
| Female, n (%) | 12,252 (64.8) | 3755 (63.2) |
| US Census location, n (%) | ||
| Northeast | 1168 (6.2) | 392 (6.6) |
| Midwest | 3650 (19.3) | 1066 (17.9) |
| West | 4356 (23.0) | 1580 (26.6) |
| South | 9643 (51.0) | 2867 (48.3) |
| Unknown | 103 (0.5) | 34 (0.6) |
| Insurance type, n (%) | ||
| Medicare | 13,919 (73.6) | 4213 (70.9) |
| Commercial | 5001 (26.4) | 1726 (29.1) |
| Plan type, n (%) | ||
| Independent provider organization/other | 9694 (51.2) | 2961 (49.9) |
| HMO/POS | 6625 (35.0) | 2288 (38.5) |
| PPO/EPO | 2601 (13.7) | 690 (11.6) |
| CCI score, mean (SD) | 2.3 (2.6) | 1.7 (2.3) |
| CCI category, n (%) | ||
| 0 | 5973 (31.6) | 2459 (41.4) |
| 1 | 3767 (19.9) | 1156 (19.5) |
| 2 | 2657 (14.0) | 799 (13.5) |
| ≥ 3 | 6523 (34.5) | 1525 (25.7) |
| Mental health comorbidities, n (%) | ||
| Depressive disorders | 7813 (41.3) | 1618 (27.2) |
| ADHD | 328 (1.7) | 108 (1.8) |
| Anxiety disorders | 8342 (44.1) | 1579 (26.6) |
| Substance use disorder | 4160 (22.0) | 925 (15.6) |
| Psychotic disordersc | 1623 (8.6) | 323 (5.4) |
| Insomnia medication before first observed insomnia diagnosis claimd | ||
| Doxepin | 103 (0.5) | NA |
| Estazolam | 21 (0.1) | NA |
| Eszopiclone | 250 (1.3) | NA |
| Flurazepam | 56 (0.3) | NA |
| Quazepam | 2 (0.0) | NA |
| Ramelteon | 694 (3.7) | NA |
| Triazolam (Halcion) | 249 (1.3) | NA |
| Zaleplon | 367 (1.9) | NA |
| Zolpidem | 7578 (40.1) | NA |
ADHD attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, EPO exclusive provider organization, HMO Health Maintenance Organization, NA not applicable, PPO preferred provider organization, POS point of service, US United States
aPrevalent insomnia cohort included all patients newly initiating suvorexant with newly diagnosed or previously diagnosed insomnia
bIncident insomnia cohort included patients newly initiating suvorexant with newly diagnosed insomnia only
cPsychotic disorders included schizophrenia and bipolar disorders
dIncident insomnia cohort excluded patients with any prior insomnia medications before first observed insomnia diagnosis