Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics
| Characteristics | Early CPAP group N=414 | Early intubation group N=396 | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal demographics | |||
| Age in years, mean (SD) | 26.7 (6.3) | 27.0 (6.5) | 0.53 |
| Married marital status, n (%) | 186 (45) | 158 (40) | 0.14 |
| Mother’s education: HS or greater, n (%) | 83 (25) | 76 (26) | 0.99 |
| Medical insurance | 0.09 | ||
| Public insurance, n (%) | 211 (52) | 230 (59) | |
| Private insurance, n (%) | 162 (40) | 136 (35) | |
| Other insurance, n (%) | 34 (8) | 23 (6) | |
| Multiple gestation, n (%) | 106 (26) | 96 (24) | 0.65 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 94 (23) | 107 (27) | 0.16 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 17 (4) | 28 (7) | 0.07 |
| ANS exposure, n (%) | 401 (97) | 378 (96) | 0.38 |
| Neonatal demographics | |||
| Birth weight in grams, mean (SD) | 841.6 (182.2) | 836.7 (194.8) | 0.95 |
| Gestational age in weeks, mean (SD) | 26.2 (1.1) | 26.2 (1.1) | 0.97 |
| SGA, n (%) | 156 (53) | 150 (54) | 0.70 |
| Female, n (%) | 194 (47) | 169 (43) | 0.23 |
| Black race, n (%) | 179 (43) | 159 (40) | 0.37 |
| Weight z-score at birth, mean (SD) | 0.0 (1.0) | −0.0 (1.1) | 0.50 |
| In-hospital morbidity | |||
| Apgar score at 5 minutes, median (IQR) | 7 (6, 8) | 7 (6, 8) | 0.55 |
| Intraventricular hemorrhage [IVH] grade 3 or 4, n (%) | 65 (16) | 54 (14) | 0.38 |
| Periventricular leukomalacia [PVL], n (%) | 17 (4) | 19 (5) | 0.66 |
| Bronchopulmonary dysplasia [BPD], n (%) | 148 (42) | 142 (44) | 0.62 |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis [NEC], n (%) | 59 (14) | 40 (10) | 0.07 |
| Retinopathy of prematurity [ROP] stage 3 or greater, n (%) | 40 (12) | 37 (13) | 0.93 |
| Meningitis, n (%) | 15 (4) | 17 (4) | 0.62 |