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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Res. 2021 Jun 15;201:111501. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111501

Table 1.

Summary of 20 insecticide active ingredients and one synergist measured in house-dust from ALL cases (n=252) and controls (n=306) with detection limits and frequencies of detection.

Insecticide Chemical class Detection limit (ng/g dust) Detected n (%)
trans-Permethrin Pyrethroid 2 556 (99.6)
cis-Permethrin Pyrethroid 2 549 (98.4)
Piperonyl butoxide Synergist 4 540 (96.8)
Chlorpyrifos Organophosphate 5 498 (89.2)
Diazinon Organophosphate 2 443 (79.4)
Carbaryl Carbamate 2 377 (67.6)
Propoxur Carbamate 5 373 (66.9)
Cypermethrin 2 Pyrethroid 20 269 (48.2)
Cypermethrin 3 Pyrethroid 20 269 (48.2)
Cypermethrin 4 Pyrethroid 20 264 (47.3)
Cypermethrin 1 Pyrethroid 20 258 (46.2)
Phosmet Organophosphate 25 150 (26.9)
Cyfluthrin 3 Pyrethroid 20 142 (25.5)
Cyfluthrin 4 Pyrethroid 20 140 (25.1)
Cyfluthrin 2 Pyrethroid 20 136 (24.4)
Cyfluthrin 1 Pyrethroid 20 115 (20.6)
Tetramethrin 2 Pyrethroid 2 69 (12.4)
Deltamethrin Pyrethroid 50 68 (12.2)
Malathion Organophosphate 10 48 (8.6)
Azinphos methyl Organophosphate 100 42 (7.5)
Allethrin 1 Pyrethroid 20 40 (7.2)
Allethrin 2 Pyrethroid 20 40 (7.2)
Tetramethrin 1 Pyrethroid 2 40 (7.2)
Heptachlor Organochlorine 10 27 (4.8)
Methyl parathion Organophosphate 20 18 (3.2)
Dimethoate Organophosphate 25 14 (2.5)
Phorate Organophosphate 25 12 (2.2)
Dicofol Organochlorine 50 8 (1.4)
Acephate Organophosphate 100 3 (0.5)
Methidathion Organophosphate 10 2 (0.4)