Table 1.
Patient and Hospital Characteristics.
| Characteristic | Overall n (%) |
Number of patients meeting high intensity end-of-life-care indicators | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 2 indicators, n (%) | ≥ 2 indicators, n (%) | p-value | ||
| Patient Characteristics | ||||
| Age (at death) | ||||
| 0 – 18 | 233 (16.0) | 106 (15.5) | 127 (16.5) | 0.59 |
| 19 – 39 | 1221 (84.0) | 579 (84.5) | 642 (83.5) | |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 859 (59.1) | 396 (57.8) | 463 (60.2) | 0.35 |
| Female | 595 (40.9) | 289 (42.2) | 306 (39.8) | |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 652 (44.8) | 329 (48.0) | 323 (42.0) | 0.07 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 274 (18.8) | 116 (16.9) | 158 (20.6) | |
| Hispanic | 220 (15.1) | 106 (15.5) | 114 (14.8) | |
| Other/unknown | 308 (21.2) | 134 (19.6) | 174 (22.6) | |
| Length of stay at last admission (in days) | ||||
| 0 – 2 | 406 (27.9) | 316 (46.1) | 90 (11.7) | <0.01 |
| 3 – 9 | 334 (23.0) | 229 (33.4) | 105 (13.7) | |
| 10 – 24 | 355 (24.4) | 82 (12.0) | 273 (35.5) | |
| ≥ 25 | 359 (24.7) | 58 (8.5) | 301 (39.1) | |
| Diagnosis | ||||
| Leukemia | 886 (60.9) | 420 (61.3) | 466 (60.6) | 0.96 |
| Hodgkin lymphoma | 132 (9.1) | 60 (8.8) | 72 (9.4) | |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 411 (28.3) | 194 (28.3) | 217 (28.2) | |
| Myeloma | 25 (1.7) | 11 (1.6) | 14 (1.8) | |
| Insurance Type | ||||
| Other (Indemnity, Self-Pay, Medicare) | 443 (30.5) | 232 (33.9) | 211 (27.4) | 0.01 |
| Medicaid | 591 (40.7) | 255 (37.2) | 336 (43.7) | |
| Managed Care | 420 (28.9) | 198 (28.9) | 222 (28.9) | |
| Hospital Characteristics | ||||
| Hospital vicinity to city center | ||||
| Urban | 1386 (95.3) | 648 (94.6) | 738 (96.0) | 0.22 |
| Rural | 68 (4.7) | 37 (5.4) | 31 (4.0) | |
| Teaching status | ||||
| Teaching | 882 (60.7) | 378 (55.2) | 504 (65.6) | <0.01 |
| Non-teaching | 572 (39.3) | 307 (44.8) | 265 (34.5) | |
| Hospital size | ||||
| Small, 0-199 beds | 106 (7.3) | 65 (9.5) | 41 (5.3) | <0.01 |
| Medium, 200 – 499 beds | 607 (41.8) | 310 (45.3) | 297 (38.6) | |
| Large, ≥ 500 beds | 741 (50.9) | 310 (45.3) | 431 (56.1) | |
| Geographic region | ||||
| West | 277 (10.1) | 137 (20.0) | 140 (18.2) | <0.01 |
| Northeast | 270 (18.6) | 97 (14.2) | 173 (22.5) | |
| Midwest | 141 (9.7) | 66 (9.6) | 75 (9.8) | |
| South | 766 (52.7) | 385 (56.2) | 381 (49.5) | |