Table 8 (Online Only):

Associations of select nutrient intake changes from visit 1 to visit 2 with log-transformed hepatic fat at visit 2 in the sample of multi-ethnic youth stratified by PNPLA3 rs738409 risk allele, excluding participants with obesity at visit 1 or visit 2 (n=3279)

		Model 1a		Model 2b
△ Nutrient Intake (%TEI or g/1000 kcal)	# Risk Alleles	β (95% CI)c	p-value	β (95% CI)c	p-value
Total Fiber	0	−0.08 (−0.19, 0.03)	0.15	−0.07 (−0.17, 0.04)	0.21
	1	−0.15 (−0.27, −0.04)	0.01	−0.14 (−0.25, −0.03)	0.01
	2	−0.23 (−0.42, −0.04)	0.02	−0.21 (−0.4, −0.03)	0.02
Soluble Fiber	0	−0.15 (−0.49, 0.20)	0.40	−0.11 (−0.44, 0.22)	0.51
	1	−0.35 (−0.69, −0.01)	0.04	−0.30 (−0.63, 0.02)	0.07
	2	−0.55 (−1.12, 0.01)	0.05	−0.50 (−1.04, 0.04)	0.07
Insoluble Fiber	0	−0.12 (−0.27, 0.03)	0.11	−0.11 (−0.25, 0.04)	0.15
	1	−0.24 (−0.4, −0.08)	0.004	−0.22 (−0.38, −0.07)	0.01
	2	−0.36 (−0.64, −0.07)	0.01	−0.34 (−0.61, −0.06)	0.02
Vegetable Protein	0	−0.10 (−0.34, 0.14)	0.40	−0.08 (−0.31, 0.15)	0.50
	1	−0.36 (−0.58, −0.14)	0.001	−0.36 (−0.57, −0.16)	0.001
	2	−0.62 (−1.05, −0.19)	0.005	−0.65 (−1.06, −0.24)	0.002
Saturated Fat	0	0.07 (−0.06, 0.20)	0.28	0.05 (−0.07, 0.18)	0.40
	1	0.14 (0.02, 0.26)	0.02	0.11 (−0.01, 0.23)	0.06
	2	0.22 (−0.01, 0.44)	0.06	0.17 (−0.04, 0.38)	0.12

^aModel 1: Adjusted for offspring sex, age, Hispanic ethnicity, maternal education, maternal DM, maternal smoking, baseline intake (T1), change in TEI (T2-T1), and TEI plausibility at T1.

^bModel 2: Adjusted for Model 1 covariates and BMI z-score at T2.

^cβ coefficients are estimate the effect on log-hepatic fat for a +5 unit increase in each nutrient as a percentage of TEI, except for dietary fiber, which is assessed as g/1000 kcal. Bold black indicates p<0.05. Bold black italic indicate p<0.10.

Abbreviations: TEI, total energy intake; BMI, body mass index.