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. 2021 Sep 28;11:19177. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-98710-5

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© The Author(s) 2021, corrected publication 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Box-plots representing the effect of 1 (n = 13, panels A and B) and 3 (n = 16, panels C and D) hours in vitro incubation (37 °C, 5%CO₂) of whole semen samples with various bacterial strains (P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, E. coli ATCC 25922, E. coli ATCC 35218, K. quasipneumoniae ATCC 700603, K. pneumoniae ATCC 13883, E. cloacae ATCC 13047 and K. aerogenes ATCC 13048) on sperm progressive (A and C) and total motility (B and D). Wilcoxon test, *p < 0.05; #p < 0.01 versus CTRL.