Table 9.

Average performance and standard deviations comparison of the proposed combined DES methods with other advanced algorithms with 5-fold cross-validation (k_max=5).

Algorithm	Accuracy	F1	G-mean	AUC
HMCBCG+KNE	0.9976±0.0016	0.9980±0.0013	0.9969±0.0021	0.9969±0.0020
HMCBCG+KNU	0.9904±0.0027	0.9920±0.0023	0.9915±0.0030	0.9916±0.0029
HMCBCG+DESKNN	0.9964±0.0028	0.9971±0.0022	0.9953±0.0035	0.9953±0.0034
GBDT	0.8992±0.0133	0.9225±0.0093	0.8711±0.0160	0.8779±0.0182
SVM	0.8943±0.0074	0.9192±0.0050	0.8617±0.0121	0.8698±0.0097
RF	0.9232±0.0105	0.9400±0.0070	0.9040±0.0178	0.9077±0.0136
LR	0.9111±0.0077	0.9297±0.0057	0.8952±0.0098	0.8978±0.0089
XGBoost	0.9076±0.0096	0.9282±0.0062	0.8836±0.0177	0.8882±0.0120