Figure 1.

Oncometabolite R-2HG inhibits CCA cell proliferation in QBC939 and HuCCT1 cell lines

(A and C) MTT assays were conducted to detect cell growth in QBC939 cells (A) and HuCCT1 cells (C). (B and D) Colony formation was used as another strategy to confirm the R-2HG effect on cell growth in QBC939 cells (B) and HuCCT1 cells (D). (E) R-2HG from overexpression of IDH1 mutation impacted QBC939 cell growth. (F) A colony formation assay confirmed the reduced growth of QBC939 cells with the IDH1 mutation. (G) Schematic representation of the CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technique in mutating the IDH1 gene. (H) Sequencing result of the IDH1 gene before (upper) and after (lower) the CRISP-Cas9 gene editing. (I) An MTT assay was applied to detect the cell growth difference between wild-type IDH1 (IDH1^WT) and IDH1^R132H QBC939 cells. (J) Colony formation was conducted to confirm cell growth between IDH1^WT and IDH1^R132H QBC939 cells. For (B), (D), (F), and (J), quantitation is at the right and presented as mean ± SD (n = 3). ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01; NS, not significant.