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. 2021 Aug 18;62:100108. doi: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100108

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© 2021 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Fig. 5 — FAHFA isomers inhibit LPS-induced cytokine secretion from BMDMs and BMDCs: (A) FAHFA isomer (20 μM) effects on LPS-induced Tnfα secretion from BMDCs. Last panel shows the lack of effect of individual acyl chain constituents of FAHFA molecules studied as controls. Palmitic acid (20 μM), palmitoleic acid (20 μM), oleic acid (20 μM), stearic acid (20 μM), and hydroxy stearic acids (5-, 9-, and 12-HSA, 20 μM). B: FAHFA effects on LPS-induced Il-6 secretion from BMDCs. C: FAHFA effects on LPS-induced Tnfα secretion from BMDMs. n = 6–8 wells/condition. Each isomer was tested in 2–4 independent studies. Data are the means ± SEM. ∗P < 0.05 versus LPS-induced DMSO by one-way ANOVA. BMDC, bone marrow–derived dendritic cell; BMDM, bone marrow–derived macrophage; FAHFA, fatty acid ester of hydroxy fatty acid; LPS, lipopolysaccharide.