Metabolic effects of chronic 12-OAHSA treatment in HFD-fed mice. (A) Serum 9- and 12-OAHSA levels in chow-fed mice and HFD-fed mice treated with either vehicle or 12-OAHSA via the mini-pump (0.15 μL/h) for 151 days. Data are the means ± SEM. n = 5–6 per group. ∗P < 0.05 versus chow, #P < 0.05 versus HFD vehicle. (B) Body weight, (C) cumulative food intake, (D) lean mass, (E) relative fat mass in chow-fed and HFD-fed mice treated with vehicle or 12-OAHSA. Data are the means ± SEM. n = 8–10. ∗P < 0.05 versus chow. (F) Serum insulin levels and glucose X insulin product in chow- and HFD-fed mice after 151 days of mini-pumps. (G) OGTT in chow- and HFD-fed mice treated with vehicle or 12-OAHSA (57 days of treatment). Data are the means ± SEM. n = 8–15/group; ∗P < 0.05 chow versus HFD groups; #P < 0.05 HFD 12-OAHSA versus HFD VEH; and (H) ITT in chow-treated, HFD vehicle–treated, and HFD 12-OAHSA-treated mice (122 days of treatment). Data are the means ± SEM. n = 3–6/group. ∗P < 0.05 chow versus HFD groups; #P < 0.05 HFD 12-OAHSA versus HFD vehicle. ITT, insulin tolerance test; OAHSA, oleic acid hydroxy stearic acid; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test.