. 2021 Sep 29;36:100447. doi: 10.1016/j.jort.2021.100447

Table 4.

Tourists constraints to outdoor recreation.

Themes	Constraints	Number of references^b
Intrapersonal	Fear of being exposed to COVID^a	5
	Fear of being a carrier^a
	Anxious when going to gas stations and grocery stores at destination^a
	Don't know what to do if I feel sick at destination^a
Interpersonal	Friends little hesitant to go	16
	Don't know if my friends have been quarantining or practicing social-distancing^a
	Don't feel safe traveling with friends^a
	Putting someone at my family on risk (older people)^a
	Traveling with family is the only option^a
	Traveling with people you don't know^a
	People having different perceptions of COVID^a
	Lack of partners/friends to go with
Safety and Hygiene	Inadequate sanitization measures at destination or nearby services at gas stations^a	8
	Lack of public restrooms and ventilation (air circulation)^a
	Lack of health facility/hospitals at/near the destination^a
Crowd	Too much crowds make it scary^a	12
Crowd	Unable to practice social distancing when it is overcrowded^a	12
Facilities	Closure of facilities at the destination^a	12
	Closure of restaurants/Only pick-up^a
	Fewer options for food^a
	Not getting the full outdoor experience, due to COVID^a
	Finding accommodation to stay before/after outdoor experience
Time and Cost	Destination too far away to drive/bike	8
	School and family schedules
	Personal, family and schedules of friends mixed and matched
Travel	Driving is the only option	9
	It's not safe/comfortable to travel via flights^a
	It's about getting to and from the destination
	Cannot go to very far or remote tourist places because of added complications^a
Weather	Weather not favorable	4
Information	Lack of central information about state and county-specific COVID-19 laws^a	11
	Lack of credible information sources about state and county specific COVID-19 laws^a
	Varying laws in different states^a
	Don't know where to go or whom to contact if I feel sick during travel or during the trip^a
	Lack of preventive measures at destination or during travel^a
Local Community Perceptions	People being more hostile towards tourists^a	5
	Environment not being friendly-everyone thinks others are a threat^a
	Local people not receptive to tourists^a

New items emerged due to COVID.

The numbers in this column do not equal 16 as each participant stated several constraints.