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. 2021 Sep 29;36:100447. doi: 10.1016/j.jort.2021.100447

Table 5.

Negotiation strategies.

Themes Negotiation Strategies Number of references#
Interpersonal Try to go with people you know 10
Try to find people with similar perceptions about COVID
Try to find people with similar health standards
Try to convince people to apply social distancing and safety measures during the recreation trip
Avoid Crowding/Timing Try to go on weekdays, with less crowd 16
Try to go on destination that you know there would not be more people
Try to maintain social distancing with people, and travel with groups less than four
Try to avoid traveling on holidays like 4th of July or Thanksgiving
Try to wear masks
Try to interact with crowds less often
Try to go to wilderness areas
Planning and Preparing Try to spend lot of time planning (cannot travel on a whim anymore) 8
Try to plan ahead of time
Try to notify companions and family members in advance
Try to book hotels and campground well in advance
Information Search Collect information about facilities and activities at destination 3
Search for COVID-19 related county/state policies
Search for COVID-19 related spread
Seek information about health facilities/hospitals in and around the destination
Changing Leisure Aspirations Try to go to tourist places that are accessible by car 12
Try to travel within state and within country
Try to go to familiar destinations
Try to avoid flying, until necessary
Food and logistics Try to get your own food 5
Try to bring your own tent
Try to prepare checklist of things needed
Try to bring extra food
Try to minimize the number of stops during travel
Destination related Try to go to destinations with limited occupancy 3
Try to find destinations with adequate health and hygiene measures adopted