Table 1.
Sex-specific characteristics, medical history and biochemical results in groups of pro-CNP concentrations in the STEMI-cohort
| All patients (n=1755) | Females (n=466) | Males (n=1289) | |||||||
| Normal pro-CNP | Increased pro-CNP | P Value | Normal pro-CNP | Increased pro-CNP | P Value | Normal pro-CNP | Increased pro-CNP | P Value | |
| No, n (%) | 1472 (83.6) | 283 (16.1) | – | 385 (81.9) | 81 (17.2) | – | 1087 (84.2) | 202 (15.6) | – |
| Age, years | 63 (54–72) | 66 (56–76) | 0.046 | 67 (56–77) | 72 (60–80) | 0.16 | 62 (53–70) | 64 (55–74) | 0.21 |
| Males, n (%) | 1087 (73.8) | 202 (71.4) | 0.42 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Height, cm | – | – | – | 165 (160–169) | 164 (160–168) | 0.13 | 178 (173–182) | 178 (174–183) | 0.87 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.3 (24.1–29.3) | 26.3 (23.8–30.1) | 0.96 | 25.4 (20.0–29.1) | 25.7 (22.5–31.2) | 0.61 | 26.5 (24.5–29.3) | 26.5 (24.2–29.9) | 0.76 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 1045 (73.3) | 203 (74.9) | 0.60 | 250 (68.1) | 54 (70.1) | 0.79 | 795 (75.1) | 149 (76.8) | 0.65 |
| Time from symptom to blood sample, min | 190 (128–376) | 178 (125–292) | 0.34 | 210 (136–460) | 216 (141–349) | >0.99 | 185 (125–356) | 167 (123–271) | 0.18 |
| LVEF, % | 45 (40–55) | 45 (35–55) | 0.33 | 50 (40–55) | 45 (35–55) | 0.62 | 45 (40–55) | 45 (36–55) | 0.36 |
| Medical history, n (%) | |||||||||
| Hypertension | 612 (42.6) | 156 (56.1) | <0.001 | 177 (46.9) | 52 (65.8) | 0.003 | 435 (41.0) | 104 (52.3) | 0.004 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 177 (12.3) | 51 (18.3) | 0.009 | 47 (12.5) | 18 (22.2) | 0.022 | 130 (12.2) | 33 (16.5) | 0.11 |
| Peripheral artery disease | 72 (5.0) | 24 (8.5) | 0.023 | 15 (4.0) | 11 (13.6) | 0.002 | 57 (5.3) | 13 (6.4) | 0.50 |
| Stroke | 91 (6.3) | 30 (10.6) | 0.015 | 30 (7.9) | 8 (9.9) | 0.51 | 61 (5.7) | 22 (10.9) | 0.012 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 41 (2.8) | 40 (14.1) | <0.001 | 10 (2.6) | 11 (13.6) | <0.001 | 31 (2.9) | 29 (14.4) | <0.001 |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 218 (14.8) | 43 (16.3) | 0.53 | 44 (11.5) | 10 (12.3) | 0.85 | 174 (16.0) | 36 (17.9) | 0.53 |
| Heart failure | 38 (2.6) | 13 (4.6) | 0.079 | 6 (1.6) | 3 (3.7) | 0.19 | 32 (2.9) | 10 (5.0) | 0.13 |
| Biochemical analyses | |||||||||
| Acute troponin I, ng/L | 220 (53–1576) | 323 (86–887) | 0.52 | 293 (54–3220) | 813 (176–1814) | 0.57 | 188 (53–1481) | 211 (58–844) | 0.99 |
| Acute troponin T, ng/L | 1610 (329–3940) | 953 (222–3370) | 0.018 | 1520 (394–3540) | 571 (166–2753) | 0.076 | 1640 (287–4058) | 1250 (242–3710) | 0.24 |
| Peak troponin I, ng/L | 20 264 (3413–50000) | 19 981 (5508–50000) | 0.91 | 12 970 (2734–41856) | 11 721 (4014–50000) | 0.98 | 24 507 (3654–50000) | 20 575 (5771–47927) | 0.56 |
| Peak troponin T, ng/L | 3110 (1230–6920) | 2430 (880–8060) | 0.23 | 2520 (995–5930) | 2290 (614–8123) | 0.55 | 3380 (1400–7603) | 2860 (923–8075) | 0.23 |
| Plasma creatinine, μmol/L | 81 (70–96) | 95 (80–126) | <0.001 | 69 (59–84) | 83 (63–113) | 0.072 | 85 (74–98) | 97 (86–131) | <0.001 |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate, mL/min | 83 (67–95) | 70 (45–85) | <0.001 | 79 (61–93) | 61 (39–86) | 0.095 | 85 (69–96) | 72 (49–86) | <0.001 |
| pro-ANP, pmol/L | 822 (515–1315) | 1005 (558–1742) | 0.005 | 978 (664–1504) | 1382 (747–2064) | 0.019 | 758 (488–1241) | 899 (508–1499) | 0.10 |
| hs-CRP ≥2 mg/L, n (%) *, † | 474 (65.0) | 111 (63.1) | 0.66 | 117 (67.2) | 34 (68.0) | >0.99 | 357 (64.3) | 77 (61.1) | 0.54 |
| ST2, ng/mL | 40.0 (29.1–56.8) | 39.8 (30.4–59.7) | 0.95 | 35.3 (27.0–55.0) | 34.8 (26.2–58.4) | 0.92 | 41.5 (30.2–57.5) | 41.5 (32.1–60.0) | 0.95 |
| Syndecan-1, ng/mL† | 92.3 (64.2–137.0) | 103.5 (69.4–154.0) | 0.001 | 82.2 (52.5–137.3) | 99.3 (61.8–140.8) | 0.21 | 94.4 (68.1–137.0) | 113.5 (71.6–155.1) | 0.019 |
| Soluble thrombomodulin, ng/mL† | 7.35 (5.98–8.91) | 8.49 (6.67–10.86) | <0.001 | 6.71 (5.42–8.15) | 8.05 (6.16–10.80) | 0.001 | 7.57 (6.19–9.18) | 8.53 (6.70–10.87) | 0.003 |
| Follow-up, n (%) | |||||||||
| No of deaths within 1 year | 114 (7.7%) | 35 (12.4%) | 0.014 | 37 (9.6%) | 19 (23.5%) | 0.001 | 77 (7.1%) | 16 (7.9%) | 0.66 |
| Cardiogenic shock | 122 (8.3%) | 34 (12.0%) | 0.052 | 32 (8.3%) | 15 (18.5%) | 0.013 | 90 (8.3%) | 19 (9.4%) | 0.58 |
| Cardiac arrest coma | 66 (4.5%) | 19 (6.7%) | 0.13 | 14 (3.6%) | 3 (3.7%) | >0.99 | 52 (4.8%) | 16 (7.9%) | 0.084 |
Continuous variables are given in median (IQR).
*Only patients with a time from onset of symptoms to CAG of <6 hours were included.
†Only patients admitted at RH (313 females and 873 males) were included.
ANP, atrial A-type natriuretic peptides; BMI, body mass index; CAG, coronary angiography; CNP, C-type natriuretic peptide; hs-CRP, high sensitivity C-reactive protein; LVEF, Left ventricular ejection fraction; RH, Rigshospitalet; ST2, soluble interleukin 1 receptor-like 1).