Table 1.

Anti-mitochondrial antibodies prevalence in autoimmune diseases, other diseases and healthy population

Study	Year	Country	Population of study	Total subjects	Prevalence	Reference
Assassi	2009	USA	Systemic sclerosis	817	7%	[60]
Cavazzana	2011	Italy	Systemic sclerosis	201	21.4%	[65]
Ceribelli	2018	Italy	Systemic sclerosis	85	15%	[29]
Generali	2019	Italy	Healthy population	2685	3.8%, high-titer 1%	Unpublished data
Hatzis	2008	Greece	Sjogren’s syndrome	410	5.1%	[101]
Imura-Kumada	2012	Japan	Systemic sclerosis	225	16.4%	[102]
Ranua	2005	Finland	Epileptic patients vs. population-based controls	948 + 579	3.9% vs. 1.9%	[103]
Laadhar	2007	Tunisia	Type 1 diabetes	161	0	[104]
Lazaridis	2007	USA	First degree PBC relatives	306	13.1%	[105]
Li	2015	China	Chronic hepatitis B	325	6.8%	[106]
Li	2006	China	Systemic lupus erythematosus	365	15.3%	[71]
Liu	2018	Meta-analysis	Vitiligo	\	0.2%	[107]
Maeda	2012	Japan	Inflammatory myopathies	212	11.3%	[96]
Marconcini	2013	Brazil	Chronic hepatitis C	66	7.6%	[108]
Mattalia	1998	Italy	Healthy population	1530	0.5%	[109]
Pelka	2021	Poland	Sub-acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus	30	20%	[110]
Pope	1999	Canada	Systemic sclerosis	61	6.6%	[111]
Ramos-Casals	2005	Spain	Chronic hepatitis C	237	8%	[112]
Shibata	2004	Japan	Corporate workers	1714	0.64%	[113]
Beretta-Piccoli	2018	Switzerland	Acute hepatitis E	48	2.1%	[114]
Turchany	1997	Estonia	Healthy population	1461	0.89%	[115]
Wielosz	2016	Poland	Systemic sclerosis	86	13%	[116]
Yokokawa	2021	Japan	Dilated cardiomyopathy	270	1.1%	[117]
Zografos	2012	Greece	First degree PBC relatives	101	18.8%	[118]